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Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made remarkable progress in visual understanding and language-based reasoning, yet they lack a persistent world-centered representation for spatially consistent reasoning in 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Bo Gu , Zhikang Zhang , Zizhuang Wei , Zhenyuan Chen , Lingyun Li , Zhuoyi Song

People navigating in unfamiliar buildings take advantage of myriad visual, spatial and semantic cues to efficiently achieve their navigation goals. Towards equipping computational agents with similar capabilities, we introduce Pathdreamer,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Jing Yu Koh , Honglak Lee , Yinfei Yang , Jason Baldridge , Peter Anderson

Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) agents often struggle with long-horizon reasoning in unseen environments, particularly when facing ambiguous, coarse-grained instructions. While recent advances use knowledge graph to enhance reasoning, the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Haoxuan Xu , Tianfu Li , Wenbo Chen , Yi Liu , Xingxing Zuo , Yaoxian Song , Haoang Li

Image-goal navigation is a challenging task that requires an agent to navigate to a goal indicated by an image in unfamiliar environments. Existing methods utilizing diverse scene memories suffer from inefficient exploration since they use…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Hongxin Li , Zeyu Wang , Xu Yang , Yuran Yang , Shuqi Mei , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Developing agents capable of navigating to a target location based on language instructions and visual information, known as vision-language navigation (VLN), has attracted widespread interest. Most research has focused on ground-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Xiangyu Wang , Donglin Yang , Ziqin Wang , Hohin Kwan , Jinyu Chen , Wenjun Wu , Hongsheng Li , Yue Liao , Si Liu

Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) aims to guide agents by leveraging language instructions and visual cues, playing a pivotal role in embodied AI. Indoor VLN has been extensively studied, whereas outdoor aerial VLN remains underexplored. The…

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) in large-scale urban environments requires embodied agents to ground linguistic instructions in complex scenes and recall relevant experiences over extended time horizons. Prior modular pipelines offer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Lixuan He , Haoyu Dong , Zhenxing Chen , Yangcheng Yu , Jie Feng , Yong Li

Zero-shot vision-and-language navigation (VLN) has gained significant attention due to its minimal data collection costs and inherent generalization. This paradigm is typically driven by the integration of pre-trained Vision-Language Models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ziyi Xia , Chaoran Xiong , Litao Wei , Xinhao Hu , Ling Pei

Language-guided embodied navigation requires an agent to interpret object-referential instructions, search across multiple rooms, localize the referenced target, and execute reliable motion toward it. Existing systems remain limited in real…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Zhongyuang Liu , Min He , Shaonan Yu , Xinhang Xu , Muqing Cao , Jianping Li , Jianfei Yang , Lihua Xie

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown remarkable progress in Vision-Language Navigation (VLN), offering new possibilities for navigation decision-making that could benefit both robotic platforms and human users. However, real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Xia Su , Ruiqi Chen , Benlin Liu , Jingwei Ma , Zonglin Di , Ranjay Krishna , Jon Froehlich

In this paper, we introduce SPA, a novel representation learning framework that emphasizes the importance of 3D spatial awareness in embodied AI. Our approach leverages differentiable neural rendering on multi-view images to endow a vanilla…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Haoyi Zhu , Honghui Yang , Yating Wang , Jiange Yang , Limin Wang , Tong He

3D occupancy prediction is critical for comprehensive scene understanding in vision-centric autonomous driving. Recent advances have explored utilizing 3D semantic Gaussians to model occupancy while reducing computational overhead, but they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Xiaoyang Yan , Muleilan Pei , Shaojie Shen

This paper studies the problem of image-goal navigation which involves navigating to the location indicated by a goal image in a novel previously unseen environment. To tackle this problem, we design topological representations for space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Devendra Singh Chaplot , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Abhinav Gupta , Saurabh Gupta

Recent advances in LVLMs have improved vision-language understanding, but they still struggle with spatial perception, limiting their ability to reason about complex 3D scenes. Unlike previous approaches that incorporate 3D representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jiahui Zhang , Yurui Chen , Yanpeng Zhou , Yueming Xu , Ze Huang , Jilin Mei , Junhui Chen , Yu-Jie Yuan , Xinyue Cai , Guowei Huang , Xingyue Quan , Hang Xu , Li Zhang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) provide an energy-efficient way to extract 3D spatio-temporal features. However, existing SNNs still exhibit a significant performance gap compared to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) due to inadequate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xuerui Qiu , Peixi Wu , Yaozhi Wen , Shaowei Gu , Yuqi Pan , Xinhao Luo , Bo XU , Guoqi Li

Navigating complex urban environments using natural language instructions poses significant challenges for embodied agents, including noisy language instructions, ambiguous spatial references, diverse landmarks, and dynamic street scenes.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Yanghong Mei , Yirong Yang , Longteng Guo , Qunbo Wang , Ming-Ming Yu , Xingjian He , Wenjun Wu , Jing Liu

Natural language instructions for visual navigation often use scene descriptions (e.g., "bedroom") and object references (e.g., "green chairs") to provide a breadcrumb trail to a goal location. This work presents a transformer-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Abhinav Moudgil , Arjun Majumdar , Harsh Agrawal , Stefan Lee , Dhruv Batra

While vision language models (VLMs) excel in 2D semantic visual understanding, their ability to quantitatively reason about 3D spatial relationships remains under-explored, due to the deficiency of 2D images' spatial representation ability.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Pingyi Chen , Yujing Lou , Shen Cao , Jinhui Guo , Lubin Fan , Yue Wu , Lin Yang , Lizhuang Ma , Jieping Ye

Recent Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) advancements are promising, but their idealized assumptions about robot movement and control fail to reflect physically embodied deployment challenges. To bridge this gap, we introduce VLN-PE, a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Liuyi Wang , Xinyuan Xia , Hui Zhao , Hanqing Wang , Tai Wang , Yilun Chen , Chengju Liu , Qijun Chen , Jiangmiao Pang

Semantic 2D maps are commonly used by humans and machines for navigation purposes, whether it's walking or driving. However, these maps have limitations: they lack detail, often contain inaccuracies, and are difficult to create and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Paul-Edouard Sarlin , Eduard Trulls , Marc Pollefeys , Jan Hosang , Simon Lynen