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With the rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs), LLM-based agents and Multi-agent Systems (MAS) have significantly expanded the capabilities of LLM ecosystems. This evolution stems from empowering LLMs with additional modules such…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Miao Yu , Fanci Meng , Xinyun Zhou , Shilong Wang , Junyuan Mao , Linsey Pang , Tianlong Chen , Kun Wang , Xinfeng Li , Yongfeng Zhang , Bo An , Qingsong Wen

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) show promising potential in assistive tasks across various domains, including mobile device control. As these agents interact directly with personal information and device settings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Juyong Lee , Dongyoon Hahm , June Suk Choi , W. Bradley Knox , Kimin Lee

Large language models (LLMs) are useful in many NLP tasks and become more capable with size, with the best open-source models having over 50 billion parameters. However, using these 50B+ models requires high-end hardware, making them…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across various application domains, but their enormous sizes and computational demands pose significant challenges for deployment on resource-constrained edge devices. To…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Kai Zhang , Hengtao He , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Federated Learning (FL) offers a decentralized framework for training and fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) by leveraging computational resources across organizations while keeping sensitive data on local devices. It addresses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Md Jueal Mia , M. Hadi Amini

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has driven the need for more efficient serving strategies. In this context, efficiency refers to the proportion of requests that meet their Service Level Objectives (SLOs), particularly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Azam Ikram , Xiang Li , Sameh Elnikety , Saurabh Bagchi

Large language models (LLMs) are widely applied in chatbots, code generators, and search engines. Workload such as chain-of-throught, complex reasoning, agent services significantly increase the inference cost by invoke the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Sihyeong Park , Sungryeol Jeon , Chaelyn Lee , Seokhun Jeon , Byung-Soo Kim , Jemin Lee

In this paper, we consider a mixed-prompt scenario for a large language model (LLM) inference serving system that supports diverse applications with both short prompts and long prompts and heterogeneous SLOs for iteration time. To improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Haiying Shen , Tanmoy Sen

Large Language Model (LLM) serving must meet stringent Service Level Objectives (SLOs) for both the prefill and decode phases. Some existing solutions disaggregate the two phases, causing potential resource idleness or compute redundancy.…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yukang Chen , Weihao Cui , Han Zhao , Ziyi Xu , Xiaoze Fan , Xusheng Chen , Yangjie Zhou , Shixuan Sun , Bingsheng He , Quan Chen

The revolutionary capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) are attracting rapidly growing popularity and leading to soaring user requests to inference serving systems. Caching techniques, which leverage data reuse to reduce computation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Longwei Zou , Yan Liu , Jiamu Kang , Tingfeng Liu , Jiangang Kong , Yangdong Deng

Large language models (LLMs) with different architectures and sizes have been developed. Serving each LLM with dedicated GPUs leads to resource waste and service inefficiency due to the varying demand of LLM requests. A common practice is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Yihao Zhao , Jiadun Chen , Peng Sun , Lei Li , Xuanzhe Liu , Xin Jin

Large Language Models (LLMs) based on autoregressive, decoder-only Transformers generate text one token at a time, where a token represents a discrete unit of text. As each newly produced token is appended to the partial output sequence,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Dimitrios Kafetzis , Ramin Khalili , Iordanis Koutsopoulos

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly central to agentic systems due to their strong reasoning and planning capabilities. By interacting with external environments through predefined tools, these agents can carry out complex user…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Hao Li , Xiaogeng Liu , Hung-Chun Chiu , Dianqi Li , Ning Zhang , Chaowei Xiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated extraordinary performance across a broad array of applications, from traditional language processing tasks to interpreting structured sequences like time-series data. Yet, their effectiveness…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Shuhao Zhang , Xianzhi Zeng , Yuhao Wu , Zhonghao Yang

Large language models (LLMs) have made a profound impact across various fields due to their advanced capabilities. However, training these models at unprecedented scales requires extensive AI accelerator clusters and sophisticated…

While scaling laws have been continuously validated in large language models (LLMs) with increasing model parameters, the inherent tension between the inference demands of LLMs and the limited resources of edge devices poses a critical…

LLM serving is increasingly multi-tenant: the same deployment must handle latency-critical interactive requests and more relaxed background workloads under a fixed GPU budget. This creates a tiered-SLO setting where maximizing overall…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Vikranth Srivatsa , Zijian He , Pu Guo , Dongming Li , Yiying Zhang

To safeguard user data privacy, on-device inference has emerged as a prominent paradigm on mobile and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. This paradigm involves deploying a model provided by a third party on local devices to perform inference…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Tong Sun , Bowen Jiang , Hailong Lin , Borui Li , Yixiao Teng , Yi Gao , Wei Dong

High-throughput inference serving is essential for applications built on large language models (LLMs). Existing serving frameworks reduce request-level and batch-level bubbles through batching and scheduling, but often overlook bubbles…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Fengyao Bai , Hongbin Zhang , Zhitao Chen , Jiangsu Du , Zhiguang Chen , Yutong Lu

Sequence-based deep learning recommendation models (DLRMs) are an emerging class of DLRMs showing great improvements over their prior sum-pooling based counterparts at capturing users' long term interests. These improvements come at immense…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Geet Sethi , Pallab Bhattacharya , Dhruv Choudhary , Carole-Jean Wu , Christos Kozyrakis