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Vision-language-action (VLA) models finetuned from vision-language models (VLMs) hold the promise of leveraging rich pretrained representations to build generalist robots across diverse tasks and environments. However, direct fine-tuning on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Shresth Grover , Akshay Gopalkrishnan , Bo Ai , Henrik I. Christensen , Hao Su , Xuanlin Li

Vision Language Navigation (VLN) typically requires agents to navigate to specified objects or remote regions in unknown scenes by obeying linguistic commands. Such tasks require organizing historical visual observations for linguistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Bolei Chen , Jiaxu Kang , Yifei Wang , Ping Zhong , Qi Wu , Jianxin Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have gained much attention from the research community thanks to their strength in translating multimodal observations with linguistic instructions into desired robotic actions. Despite their…

Vision Language Models (VLMs) bridge visual perception and linguistic reasoning. In Autonomous Driving (AD), this synergy has enabled Vision Language Action (VLA) models, which translate high-level multimodal understanding into driving…

An emerging paradigm in vision-and-language navigation (VLN) is the use of history-aware multi-modal transformer models. Given a language instruction, these models process observation and navigation history to predict the most appropriate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Dongwoo Kang , Akhil Perincherry , Zachary Coalson , Aiden Gabriel , Stefan Lee , Sanghyun Hong

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently shown impressive generalization and language-guided manipulation capabilities. However, their performance degrades on tasks requiring precise spatial reasoning due to limited spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Tianyuan Yuan , Yicheng Liu , Chenhao Lu , Zhuoguang Chen , Tao Jiang , Hang Zhao

Visual navigation policy is widely regarded as a promising direction, as it mimics humans by using egocentric visual observations for navigation. However, optical information of visual observations is difficult to be explicitly modeled like…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Tianyu Xu , Jiawei Chen , Jiazhao Zhang , Wenyao Zhang , Zekun Qi , Minghan Li , Zhizheng Zhang , He Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models provide a promising paradigm for robot learning by integrating visual perception with language-guided policy learning. However, most existing approaches rely on 2D visual inputs to perform actions in 3D…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yicheng Feng , Wanpeng Zhang , Ye Wang , Hao Luo , Haoqi Yuan , Sipeng Zheng , Zongqing Lu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models mark a transformative advancement in artificial intelligence, aiming to unify perception, natural language understanding, and embodied action within a single computational framework. This foundational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ranjan Sapkota , Yang Cao , Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis , Manoj Karkee

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a generalist robotic agent. However, existing VLAs are hindered by excessive parameter scales, prohibitive pre-training requirements, and limited applicability to diverse embodiments. To…

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) is a natural language grounding task where agents have to interpret natural language instructions in the context of visual scenes in a dynamic environment to achieve prescribed navigation goals.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Haoshuo Huang , Vihan Jain , Harsh Mehta , Jason Baldridge , Eugene Ie

Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) is a task where agents learn to navigate following natural language instructions. The key to this task is to perceive both the visual scene and natural language sequentially. Conventional approaches exploit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Fengda Zhu , Yi Zhu , Xiaojun Chang , Xiaodan Liang

Autonomous driving is a complex and challenging task that aims at safe motion planning through scene understanding and reasoning. While vision-only autonomous driving methods have recently achieved notable performance, through enhanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Chenbin Pan , Burhaneddin Yaman , Tommaso Nesti , Abhirup Mallik , Alessandro G Allievi , Senem Velipasalar , Liu Ren

Aerial vision-and-language navigation (Aerial VLN) aims to enable unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to interpret natural language instructions and autonomously navigate complex three-dimensional environments by grounding language in visual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Xingyu Xia , Lekai Zhou , Yujie Tang , Xiaozhou Zhu , Hai Zhu , Wen Yao

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) on robot teleoperation data to create vision-language-action (VLA) models is a promising paradigm for training generalist policies, but it suffers from a fundamental tradeoff: learning to produce…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Asher J. Hancock , Xindi Wu , Lihan Zha , Olga Russakovsky , Anirudha Majumdar

We propose Avi, a novel 3D Vision-Language-Action (VLA) architecture that reframes robotic action generation as a problem of 3D perception and spatial reasoning, rather than low-level policy learning. While existing VLA models primarily…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Harris Song , Long Le

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated strong performance in robotic manipulation, yet their closed-loop deployment is hindered by the high latency and compute cost of repeatedly running large vision-language backbones at…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Wenda Yu , Tianshi Wang , Fengling Li , Jingjing Li , Lei Zhu

A core challenge in AI-guided autonomy is enabling agents to navigate realistically and effectively in previously unseen environments based on natural language commands. We propose UAV-VLN, a novel end-to-end Vision-Language Navigation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Pranav Saxena , Nishant Raghuvanshi , Neena Goveas

To utilize Foundation Vision Language Models (VLMs) for robotic tasks and motion planning, the community has proposed different methods for injecting action components into VLMs and building the Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs). In this…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models demonstrate remarkable potential for generalizable robotic manipulation. The execution of complex multi-step behaviors in VLA models can be improved by robust instruction grounding, a critical component…