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The quantified Boolean formula (QBF) problem is an important decision problem generally viewed as the archetype for PSPACE-completeness. Many problems of central interest in AI are in general not included in NP, e.g., planning, model…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Leif Eriksson , Victor Lagerkvist , George Osipov , Sebastian Ordyniak , Fahad Panolan , Mateusz Rychlicki

Dependency Quantified Boolean Formulas (DQBF) generalize QBF by explicitly specifying which universal variables each existential variable depends on, instead of relying on a linear quantifier order. The satisfiability problem of DQBF is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Long-Hin Fung , Che Cheng , Jie-Hong Roland Jiang , Friedrich Slivovsky , Tony Tan

Dependency quantified Boolean formulas (DQBF) is a logic admitting existential quantification over Boolean functions, which allows us to elegantly state synthesis problems in verification such as the search for invariants, programs, or…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Leander Tentrup , Markus N. Rabe

Determining the validity of a quantified Boolean formula (QBF) is a PSPACE-complete problem with rich expressive power. Despite interest in efficient solvers, there is, compared to problems in NP, a lack of positive theoretical results, and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Leif Eriksson , Victor Lagerkvist , Sebastian Ordyniak , George Osipov , Fahad Panolan , Mateusz Rychlicki

In recent years, expansion-based techniques have been shown to be very powerful in theory and practice for solving quantified Boolean formulas (QBF), the extension of propositional formulas with existential and universal quantifiers over…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-10-08 Roderick Bloem , Nicolas Braud-Santoni , Vedad Hadzic , Uwe Egly , Florian Lonsing , Martina Seidl

The problem of deciding the validity (QSAT) of quantified Boolean formulas (QBF) is a vivid research area in both theory and practice. In the field of parameterized algorithmics, the well-studied graph measure treewidth turned out to be a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Johannes Klaus Fichte , Markus Hecher , Andreas Pfandler

Dependency quantified Boolean formulas (DQBFs) are a powerful formalism, which subsumes quantified Boolean formulas (QBFs) and allows an explicit specification of dependencies of existential variables on universal variables. Driven by the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Aile Ge-Ernst , Christoph Scholl , Juraj Síč , Ralf Wimmer

We propose reductions to quantified Boolean formulas (QBF) as a new approach to showing fixed-parameter linear algorithms for problems parameterized by treewidth. We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach by giving new algorithms for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Michael Lampis , Stefan Mengel , Valia Mitsou

The aim of this PhD project is to develop fast and robust reasoning tools for dependency quantified Boolean formulas (DQBF). In this paper, we outline two properties, autarkies and symmetries, that potentially can be exploited for pre- and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Ankit Shukla

A central problem in parameterized algorithms is to obtain algorithms with running time $f(k)\cdot n^{O(1)}$ such that $f$ is as slow growing function of the parameter $k$ as possible. In particular, a large number of basic parameterized…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Daniel Lokshtanov , Daniel Marx , Saket Saurabh

We study quantified propositional logics from the complexity theoretic point of view. First we introduce alternating dependency quantified boolean formulae (ADQBF) which generalize both quantified and dependency quantified boolean formulae.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-09-15 Miika Hannula , Juha Kontinen , Martin Lück , Jonni Virtema

A quantified Boolean formula (QBF) is a propositional formula extended with universal and existential quantification over propositions. There are two methodologies in CEGAR based QBF solving techniques, one that is based on a refinement…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Leander Tentrup

We study random instances of the weighted $d$-CNF satisfiability problem (WEIGHTED $d$-SAT), a generic W[1]-complete problem. A random instance of the problem consists of a fixed parameter $k$ and a random $d$-CNF formula $\weicnf{n}{p}{k,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Yong Gao

Symmetries have been exploited successfully within the realms of SAT and QBF to improve solver performance in practical applications and to devise more powerful proof systems. As a first step towards extending these advancements to the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Clemens Hofstadler , Manuel Kauers , Martina Seidl

Assuming the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH), a result of Marx (ToC'10) implies that there is no $f(k)\cdot n^{o(k/\log k)}$ time algorithm that can solve 2-CSPs with $k$ constraints (over a domain of arbitrary large size $n$) for any…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Karthik C. S. , Dániel Marx , Marcin Pilipczuk , Uéverton Souza

We present a simple randomized algorithm that approximates the number of satisfying assignments of Boolean formulas in conjunctive normal form. To the best of our knowledge this is the first algorithm which approximates #k-SAT for any k >=…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-07-12 Marc Thurley

We generalize many results concerning the tractability of SAT and #SAT on bounded treewidth CNF-formula in the context of Quantified Boolean Formulas (QBF). To this end, we start by studying the notion of width for OBDD and observe that the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-07-12 Florent Capelli , Stefan Mengel

We consider the problem of elimination of existential quantifiers from a Boolean CNF formula. Our approach is based on the following observation. One can get rid of dependency on a set of variables of a quantified CNF formula F by adding…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-06-06 Eugene Goldberg , Panagiotis Manolios

The alternation of existential and universal quantifiers in a quantified boolean formula (QBF) generates dependencies among variables that must be respected when evaluating the formula. Dependency schemes provide a general framework for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-05-08 Friedrich Slivovsky , Stefan Szeider

This paper is devoted to the complexity of the quantified boolean formula problem. We describe a simple deterministic algorithm that, for a given quantified boolean formula $F$, stops in time bounded by $O(|F|^4)$ and answers yes if $F$ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-07-23 Grigoriy V. Bokov
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