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While Large Language Models (LLM) enable non-experts to specify open-world multi-robot tasks, the generated plans often lack kinematic feasibility and are not efficient, especially in long-horizon scenarios. Formal methods like Linear…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Shuyuan Hu , Tao Lin , Kai Ye , Yang Yang , Tianwei Zhang

To enable non-experts to specify long-horizon, multi-robot collaborative tasks, language models are increasingly used to translate natural language commands into formal specifications. However, because translation can occur in multiple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Shaojun Xu , Xusheng Luo , Yutong Huang , Letian Leng , Ruixuan Liu , Changliu Liu

Language models (LMs) possess a strong capability to comprehend natural language, making them effective in translating human instructions into detailed plans for simple robot tasks. Nevertheless, it remains a significant challenge to handle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Xiaopan Zhang , Hao Qin , Fuquan Wang , Yue Dong , Jiachen Li

In this work, we introduce SMART-LLM, an innovative framework designed for embodied multi-robot task planning. SMART-LLM: Smart Multi-Agent Robot Task Planning using Large Language Models (LLMs), harnesses the power of LLMs to convert…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Shyam Sundar Kannan , Vishnunandan L. N. Venkatesh , Byung-Cheol Min

Long-horizon task planning is essential for the development of intelligent assistive and service robots. In this work, we investigate the applicability of a smaller class of large language models (LLMs), specifically GPT-2, in robotic task…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Georgia Chalvatzaki , Ali Younes , Daljeet Nandha , An Le , Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Iryna Gurevych

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive results in developing generalist planning agents for diverse tasks. However, grounding these plans in expansive, multi-floor, and multi-room environments presents a significant…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Krishan Rana , Jesse Haviland , Sourav Garg , Jad Abou-Chakra , Ian Reid , Niko Suenderhauf

The ability of Language Models (LMs) to understand natural language makes them a powerful tool for parsing human instructions into task plans for autonomous robots. Unlike traditional planning methods that rely on domain-specific knowledge…

Heterogeneous multi-robot systems are increasingly used in long-horizon missions requiring coordinated planning across diverse capabilities. However, existing planning approaches struggle to construct accurate symbolic representations and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Chak Lam Shek , Faizan M. Tariq , Sangjae Bae , David Isele , Piyush Gupta

Multi-robot task planning requires decomposing natural-language instructions into executable actions for heterogeneous robot teams. Conventional Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) planners provide rigorous guarantees but struggle to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Tomoya Kawabe , Rin Takano

Robot swarms promise scalable assistance in complex and hazardous environments. Task planning lies at the core of human-swarm collaboration, translating the operator's intent into coordinated swarm actions and helping determine when…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Junfeng Chen , Yuxiao Zhu , An Zhuo , Xintong Zhang , Shuo Zhang , Guanghui Wen , Xiwang Dong , Meng Guo , Zhongkui Li

In robotic task planning, symbolic planners using rule-based representations like PDDL are effective but struggle with long-sequential tasks in complicated environments due to exponentially increasing search space. Meanwhile, LLM-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Minseo Kwon , Yaesol Kim , Young J. Kim

Bimanual robotic manipulation provides significant versatility, but also presents an inherent challenge due to the complexity involved in the spatial and temporal coordination between two hands. Existing works predominantly focus on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Kun Chu , Xufeng Zhao , Cornelius Weber , Stefan Wermter

Recent advances in metric, semantic, and topological mapping have equipped autonomous robots with semantic concept grounding capabilities to interpret natural language tasks. This work aims to leverage these new capabilities with an…

In embodied artificial intelligence, enabling heterogeneous robot teams to execute long-horizon tasks from high-level instructions remains a critical challenge. While large language models (LLMs) show promise in instruction parsing and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Haishan Zeng , Mengna Wang , Peng Li

Enabling robot teams to execute natural language commands requires translating high-level instructions into feasible, efficient multi-robot plans. While Large Language Models (LLMs) combined with Planning Domain Description Language (PDDL)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Guangyao Shi , Yuwei Wu , Vijay Kumar , Gaurav S. Sukhatme

In the realm of data-driven AI technology, the application of open-source large language models (LLMs) in robotic task planning represents a significant milestone. Recent robotic task planning methods based on open-source LLMs typically…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Yike Wu , Jiatao Zhang , Nan Hu , LanLing Tang , Guilin Qi , Jun Shao , Jie Ren , Wei Song

Large Language Models (LLMs) enable intelligent multi-robot collaboration but face fundamental trade-offs: open-loop methods that compile tasks into formal representations for external executors produce sound plans but lack adaptability in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shaobin Ling , Yun Wang , Chenyou Fan , Tin Lun Lam , Junjie Hu

Motivated by the substantial achievements observed in Large Language Models (LLMs) in the field of natural language processing, recent research has commenced investigations into the application of LLMs for complex, long-horizon sequential…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Zhehua Zhou , Jiayang Song , Kunpeng Yao , Zhan Shu , Lei Ma

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) show promise for robotic task planning but often struggle to guarantee correctness in long-horizon problems. Task and motion planning (TAMP) addresses this by grounding symbolic plans in low-level…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jinbang Huang , Yixin Xiao , Zhanguang Zhang , Mark Coates , Jianye Hao , Yingxue Zhang

In this paper, we introduce a multi-robot system that integrates mapping, localization, and task and motion planning (TAMP) enabled by 3D scene graphs to execute complex instructions expressed in natural language. Our system builds a shared…

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