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A large number of mergers of binary black holes (BHs) have been discovered by gravitational wave observations since the first detection of gravitational waves 2015. Binary BH mergers are the loudest events in the universe, however their…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-18 Ataru Tanikawa

A population of binary black hole mergers has now been observed in gravitational waves by Advanced LIGO and Virgo. The masses of these black holes appear to show evidence for a pile-up between $30$--$45$ $M_\odot$ and a cut-off above $\sim…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-25 Simon Stevenson , Matthew Sampson , Jade Powell , Alejandro Vigna-Gómez , Coenraad J. Neijssel , Dorottya Szécsi , Ilya Mandel

There is increasing evidence for multiple binary black hole~(BBH) subpopulations in the cumulative gravitational wave catalog by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration. The astrophysical interpretation of this complex underlying population is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-19 Anarya Ray , Shirsha Mukherjee , Michael Zevin , Vicky Kalogera

The LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration has reported nearly 100 BH-BH mergers. The LVK provides estimates of rates, masses, effective spins, and redshifts for these mergers. Yet, the formation channel(s) of the mergers remains uncertain.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-08-31 K. Belczynski , Z. Doctor , M. Zevin , A. Olejak , S. Banerjee , D. Chattopadhyay

The inspiral and merger of two black holes produces a remnant black hole with mass and spin determined by the properties of its parent black holes. Using the inferred population properties of component black holes from the first two and a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-06-23 Zoheyr Doctor , Ben Farr , Daniel E. Holz

By probing the population of binary black hole (BBH) mergers detected by LIGO-Virgo, we can infer properties about the underlying black hole formation channels. A mechanism known as pair-instability (PI) supernova is expected to prevent the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-13 Brendan O'Brien , Marek Szczepanczyk , V. Gayathri , Imre Bartos , Gabriele Vedovato , Giovanni Prodi , Guenakh Mitselmakher , Sergey Klimenko

We consider the formation of binary black hole mergers through the evolution of field massive triple stars. In this scenario, favorable conditions for the inspiral of a black hole binary are initiated by its gravitational interaction with a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-05-31 Fabio Antonini , Silvia Toonen , Adrian S. Hamers

The massive black holes we observe in galaxies today are the natural end-product of a complex evolutionary path, in which black holes seeded in proto-galaxies at high redshift grow through cosmic history via a sequence of mergers and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-23 Alberto Sesana , Jonathan R. Gair , Emanuele Berti , Marta Volonteri

The LIGO/Virgo/Kagra (LVK) Collaboration has detected numerous binary black hole mergers with properties that challenge standard binary evolution scenarios, such as component masses above the pair-instability gap and high spin magnitudes.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-10 Aidan Mai , Kyle Kremer , Fulya Kıroğlu

The growing catalog of gravitational-wave detections from the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) collaboration reveals structure in the binary black hole (BBH) mass distribution, including peaks near m1 = 10 solar masses and m1 = 35 solar masses, a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-26 Shanika Galaudage

There are at least two formation scenarios consistent with the first gravitational-wave observations of binary black hole mergers. In field models, black hole binaries are formed from stellar binaries that may undergo common envelope…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-29 Colm Talbot , Eric Thrane

To date, various formation channels of merging events have been heavily explored with the detection of nearly 100 double black hole (BH) merger events reported by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration. We here systematically investigate…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-08 Y. Qin , R. -C. Hu , G. Meynet , Y. Z. Wang , J. -P. Zhu , H. F. Song , X. W. Shu , S. C. Wu

The spins of merging binary black holes offer insights into their formation history. Recently it has been argued that in isolated binary evolution of two massive stars the firstborn black hole is slowly rotating, whilst the progenitor of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-26 Floor S. Broekgaarden , Simon Stevenson , Eric Thrane

A number of scenarios have been proposed for the origin of the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) that are found in the centres of most galaxies. Many such scenarios predict a high-redshift population of massive black holes (MBHs), with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Joseph E. Plowman , Ronald W. Hellings , Sachiko Tsuruta

The recent discovery of the binary black hole (BBH) merger event GW190521, between two black holes (BHs) of $\approx100M_\odot$, and as well as other massive BBH merger events involving BHs within the pair-instability supernova (PSN) mass…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-09-07 Sambaran Banerjee

We compare evolutionary predictions of double compact object merger rate densities with initial and forthcoming LIGO/Virgo upper limits. We find that: (i) Due to the cosmological reach of advanced detectors, current conversion methods of…

The recent observations of gravitational waves (GWs) by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration (LVK) have provided a new opportunity for studying our Universe. By detecting several merging events of black holes (BHs), LVK has spurred the…

Merging supermassive black hole binaries is expected as a consequence of galaxy mergers, yet the detailed evolution path and underlying merging mechanisms of these binaries are still subject to large theoretical uncertainties. In this work,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-29 Yun Fang , Huan Yang

Despite the observation of nearly 100 compact binary coalescence (CBC) events up to the end of the Advanced gravitational-wave (GW) detectors' third observing run (O3), there remain fundamental open questions regarding their astrophysical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-22 Ana Lorenzo-Medina , Thomas Dent

Maximizing the number of detections in matched filter searches for compact binary coalescence (CBC) gravitational wave (GW) signals requires a model of the source population distribution. In previous searches using the PyCBC framework,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-13 Praveen Kumar , Thomas Dent