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Pair annihilation of heavy stable particles that occurs in the early universe is reconsidered including the off-shell effect not properly taken into account by the conventional Boltzmann equation approach. Our new calculation of the time…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Sh. Matsumoto , M. Yoshimura

We argue that the striking similarity between the cosmic abundances of baryons and dark matter, despite their very different astrophysical behavior, strongly motivates the scenario in which dark matter resides within a rich dark sector…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-06-13 Arushi Bodas , Manuel A. Buen-Abad , Anson Hook , Raman Sundrum

We demonstrate the existence of a generic, efficient and purely gravitational channel producing a significant abundance of dark relics during reheating after the end of inflation. The mechanism is present for any inert scalar with the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-24 Malcolm Fairbairn , Kimmo Kainulainen , Tommi Markkanen , Sami Nurmi

We analyze thermal relic abundance of neutralino dark matter and discuss future prospects of its direct and indirect detections in mirage mediation.

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 Ken-ichi Okumura

We investigate cosmological constraints on an energy density contribution of elastic dark matter self-interactions characterized by the mass of the exchange particle and coupling constant. Because of the expansion behaviour in a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-06-17 Rainer Stiele , Tillmann Boeckel , Jürgen Schaffner-Bielich

The nature of dark matter (DM) and how it might interact with the particles of the Standard Model (SM) is one of greatest mysteries currently facing particle physics, and addressing these issues should provide some understanding of how the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-10-15 Thomas D. Rueter , Thomas G. Rizzo , JoAnne L. Hewett

Dark matter (DM) charged under a dark U(1) force appears in many extensions of the Standard Model, and has been invoked to explain anomalies in cosmic-ray data, as well as a self-interacting DM candidate. In this paper, we perform a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-05-23 Marco Cirelli , Paolo Panci , Kalliopi Petraki , Filippo Sala , Marco Taoso

Biswas et al. found that the thermal relic density of a dark matter particle freezing out while the universe's energy density is dominated by a non-standard extra component $\phi$, whose energy density redshifts faster than radiation, can…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-01-14 Nicolas Fernandez , Stefano Profumo

We consider a dark sector consisting of fermionic dark matter (DM) charged under a broken dark $U(1)_D$ gauge symmetry, interacting with the Standard Model through kinetic mixing. In such models, the DM annihilation cross section is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-20 Peisi Huang , Anibal D. Medina , Carlos E. M. Wagner

An appealing framework for dark matter is provided by light hidden sectors, below the electroweak scale, feebly coupled to the Standard Model via light mediators. We consider a minimal, predictive model where both the dark matter and the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-31 Ana Luisa Foguel , Renata Zukanovich Funchal , Michele Frigerio

Freeze-in of multi-component dark sectors is governed not only by the interaction with the thermal plasma, but also by their internal dynamics. Full thermalisation within the dark sector is not guaranteed, raising the question of impact of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-17 Shiuli Chatterjee , Andrzej Hryczuk

We propose a new thermal freezeout mechanism which results in dark matter masses exceeding the unitarity bound by many orders of magnitude, without violating perturbative unitarity or modifying the standard cosmology. The process…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-03-03 Eric David Kramer , Eric Kuflik , Noam Levi , Nadav Joseph Outmezguine , Joshua T. Ruderman

We study the phenomenology and detection prospects of a sub-GeV Dirac dark matter candidate with resonantly enhanced annihilations via a dark photon mediator. The model evades cosmological constraints on light thermal particles in the early…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-11-23 Elias Bernreuther , Saniya Heeba , Felix Kahlhoefer

Assisted annihilation generates thermal sub-GeV dark matter through a novel annihilation between a pair of dark matter and standard-model-like states, called the "assister". We show that, depending on the mass hierarchy between the assister…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-05-27 Ujjal Kumar Dey , Tarak Nath Maity , Tirtha Sankar Ray

The existence of dark matter particles that carry phenomenologically relevant self-interaction cross sections mediated by light dark sector states is considered to be severely constrained through a combination of experimental and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-04-08 Nicolás Bernal , Xiaoyong Chu , Suchita Kulkarni , Josef Pradler

We point out that thermal relic abundance of the dark matter is strongly altered by a non-perturbative effect called the Sommerfeld enhancement, when constituent particles of the dark matter are non-singlet under the SU(2)_L gauge…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Junji Hisano , Shigeki Matsumoto , Minoru Nagai , Osamu Saito , Masato Senami

If dark matter (DM) is a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) that is a thermal relic of the early Universe, then its total self-annihilation cross section is revealed by its present-day mass density. The canonical thermally averaged…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-08-13 Gary Steigman , Basudeb Dasgupta , John F. Beacom

Dark Matter which interacts strongly with itself, but only feebly with the Standard Model is a possibility that has been entertained to solve apparent small-scale structure problems that are pertinent to the non-interacting cold Dark Matter…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-06-28 Nicolás Bernal , Xiaoyong Chu , Josef Pradler

We propose a minimal, fully thermal mechanism that resolves the long-standing tension between achieving the observed dark-matter relic abundance and explaining the astrophysical signatures of self-interactions. The framework introduces two…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-27 Martin Drobczyk

Hints of direct dark matter detection coming from the DAMA, CoGeNT experiments point toward light dark matter with isospin-violating and possibly inelastic couplings. However an array of astrophysical constraints are rapidly closing the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-05-30 James M. Cline , Andrew R. Frey