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While numerous machine unlearning (MU) methods have recently been developed with promising results in erasing the influence of forgotten data, classes, or concepts, they are also highly vulnerable-for example, simple fine-tuning can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yichen Gao , Altay Unal , Akshay Rangamani , Zhihui Zhu

Recommendation unlearning is an emerging task to serve users for erasing unusable data (e.g., some historical behaviors) from a well-trained recommender model. Existing methods process unlearning requests by fully or partially retraining…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Yang Zhang , Zhiyu Hu , Yimeng Bai , Jiancan Wu , Qifan Wang , Fuli Feng

Machine unlearning (MU) aims to remove the influence of certain data points from a trained model without costly retraining. Most practical MU algorithms are only approximate and their performance can only be assessed empirically. Care must…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Jamie Lanyon , Axel Finke , Petros Andreou , Georgina Cosma

Machine Unlearning (MU) technology facilitates the removal of the influence of specific data instances from trained models on request. Despite rapid advancements in MU technology, its vulnerabilities are still underexplored, posing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Zhihao Sui , Liang Hu , Jian Cao , Dora D. Liu , Usman Naseem , Zhongyuan Lai , Qi Zhang

Machine unlearning is the process of efficiently removing specific information from a trained machine learning model without retraining from scratch. Existing unlearning methods, which often provide provable guarantees, typically involve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Somnath Basu Roy Chowdhury , Rahul Kidambi , Avinava Dubey , David Wang , Gokhan Mergen , Amr Ahmed , Aranyak Mehta

Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in graph-related tasks, yet this accomplishment heavily relies on large-scale high-quality annotated datasets. However, acquiring such datasets can be cost-prohibitive, leading to the practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Ling-Hao Chen , Yuanshuo Zhang , Taohua Huang , Liangcai Su , Zeyi Lin , Xi Xiao , Xiaobo Xia , Tongliang Liu

It often happens that some sensitive personal information, such as credit card numbers or passwords, are mistakenly incorporated in the training of machine learning models and need to be removed afterwards. The removal of such information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Saber Malekmohammadi , Hong kyu Lee , Li Xiong

Machine unlearning methods take a model trained on a dataset and a forget set, then attempt to produce a model as if it had only been trained on the examples not in the forget set. We empirically show that an adversary is able to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Brennon Brimhall , Philip Mathew , Neil Fendley , Yinzhi Cao , Matthew Green

Machine Unlearning (MU) has recently gained considerable attention due to its potential to achieve Safe AI by removing the influence of specific data from trained Machine Learning (ML) models. This process, known as knowledge removal,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Ziyao Liu , Huanyi Ye , Chen Chen , Yongsen Zheng , Kwok-Yan Lam

Unsupervised machine learning is the training of an artificial intelligence system using information that is neither classified nor labeled, with a view to modeling the underlying structure or distribution in a dataset. Since unsupervised…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Xiaoyuan Xie , Zhiyi Zhang , Tsong Yueh Chen , Yang Liu , Pak-Lok Poon , Baowen Xu

Machine learning components are now central to AI-infused software systems, from recommendations and code assistants to clinical decision support. As regulations and governance frameworks increasingly require deleting sensitive data from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Anna Mazhar , Sainyam Galhotra

The imperative to eliminate undesirable data memorization underscores the significance of machine unlearning for large language models (LLMs). Recent research has introduced a series of promising unlearning methods, notably boosting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Qizhou Wang , Bo Han , Puning Yang , Jianing Zhu , Tongliang Liu , Masashi Sugiyama

Removing the influence of a specified subset of training data from a machine learning model may be required to address issues such as privacy, fairness, and data quality. Retraining the model from scratch on the remaining data after removal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Salvatore Mercuri , Raad Khraishi , Ramin Okhrati , Devesh Batra , Conor Hamill , Taha Ghasempour , Andrew Nowlan

Machine unlearning aims to remove the influence of specific training data from a model while preserving reliable behavior on the remaining data, making reliable prediction and uncertainty estimation essential for evaluation. Calibration is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Divyaksh Shukla , Ashutosh Modi

Evaluating machine unlearning methods remains technically challenging, with recent benchmarks requiring complex setups and significant engineering overhead. We introduce a unified and extensible benchmarking suite that simplifies the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Roy Rinberg , Pol Puigdemont , Martin Pawelczyk , Volkan Cevher

Machine Unlearning (MU) aims at removing the influence of specific data from a pretrained model while preserving performance on the remaining data. In this work, a novel perspective for MU is presented upon low-dimensional feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Kun Fang , Qinghua Tao , Junxu Liu , Yaxin Xiao , Qingqing Ye , Jian Sun , Haibo Hu

Large language models (LLMs) may memorize sensitive or copyrighted content, raising privacy and legal concerns. Due to the high cost of retraining from scratch, researchers attempt to employ machine unlearning to remove specific content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xiaojian Yuan , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Kejiang Chen , Weiming Zhang , Min Lin

Machine Unlearning (MUL) is crucial for privacy protection and content regulation, yet recent studies reveal that traces of forgotten information persist in unlearned models, enabling adversaries to resurface removed knowledge. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Hao Xuan , Xingyu Li

High-quality data plays an indispensable role in the era of large models, but the use of unauthorized data for model training greatly damages the interests of data owners. To overcome this threat, several unlearnable methods have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Kai Ye , Liangcai Su , Chenxiong Qian

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized natural language processing, enabling advanced understanding and reasoning capabilities across a variety of tasks. Fine-tuning these models for specific domains, particularly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Chenlu Ding , Jiancan Wu , Yancheng Yuan , Jinda Lu , Kai Zhang , Alex Su , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He
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