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Energy efficiency is a crucial factor in the well-being of our planet. In parallel, Machine Learning (ML) plays an instrumental role in automating our lives and creating convenient workflows for enhancing behavior. So, analyzing energy…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Abdullah Alsalemi , Ayman Al-Kababji , Yassine Himeur , Faycal Bensaali , Abbes Amira

The rapid growth of microcontroller-based IoT devices has opened up numerous applications, from smart manufacturing to personalized healthcare. Despite the widespread adoption of energy-efficient microcontroller units (MCUs) in the Tiny…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Giorgos Armeniakos , Georgios Mentzos , Dimitrios Soudris

Running deep neural networks on microcontroller units (MCUs) is severely constrained by limited memory resources. While TinyML techniques reduce model size and computation, they often fail in practice due to excessive peak Random Access…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Junyu Lu , Shashwath Suresh , Hao Liu , Qi Hong , Qing Wang

On-device inference holds great potential for increased energy efficiency, responsiveness, and privacy in edge ML systems. However, due to less capable ML models that can be embedded in resource-limited devices, use cases are limited to…

IoT devices based on microcontroller units (MCU) provide ultra-low power consumption and ubiquitous computation for near-sensor deep learning models (DNN). However, the memory of MCU is usually 2-3 orders of magnitude smaller than mobile…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Size Zheng , Renze Chen , Meng Li , Zihao Ye , Luis Ceze , Yun Liang

Energy efficiency has a significant influence on user experience of battery-driven devices such as smartphones and tablets. It is shown that software optimization plays an important role in reducing energy consumption of system. However, in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-05-19 Xueliang Li , John P. Gallagher

State-of-the-art deep learning models have achieved significant performance levels on various benchmarks. However, the excellent performance comes at a cost of inefficient computational cost. Light-weight architectures, on the other hand,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Mohammad Akbari , Amin Banitalebi-Dehkordi , Yong Zhang

The roll-out of smart meters in electricity networks introduces risks for consumer privacy due to increased measurement frequency and granularity. Through various Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring techniques, consumer behavior may be inferred…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-06-28 Jun-Xing Chin , Tomas Tinoco De Rubira , Gabriela Hug

This research empirically examines embedded development tools viable for on-device TinyML implementation. The research evaluates various development tools with various abstraction levels on resource-constrained IoT devices, from basic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Enzo Scaffi , Antoine Bonneau , Frédéric Le Mouël , Fabien Mieyeville

The effectiveness of deep neural networks (DNN) in vision, speech, and language processing has prompted a tremendous demand for energy-efficient high-performance DNN inference systems. Due to the increasing memory intensity of most DNN…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Skanda Koppula , Lois Orosa , Abdullah Giray Yağlıkçı , Roknoddin Azizi , Taha Shahroodi , Konstantinos Kanellopoulos , Onur Mutlu

We investigate an approach that uses low-level analysis and the execution-cache-memory (ECM) performance model in combination with tuning of hardware parameters to lower energy requirements of memory-bound applications. The ECM model is…

Performance · Computer Science 2016-09-13 Johannes Hofmann , Dietmar Fey

Energy theft, characterized by manipulating energy consumption readings to reduce payments, poses a dual threat-causing financial losses for grid operators and undermining the performance of smart grids. Effective Energy Theft Detection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Xun Yuan , Yang Yang , Asif Iqbal , Prosanta Gope , Biplab Sikdar

This paper presents a lightweight K-Means anomaly detection model and a distributed model-sharing workflow designed for resource-constrained microcontrollers (MCUs). Using real power measurements from a mini-fridge appliance, the system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Abdulrahman Albaiz , Fathi Amsaad

A smart home energy dataset that records miscellaneous energy consumption data is publicly offered. The proposed energy activity dataset (EAD) has a high data type diversity in contrast to existing load monitoring datasets. In EAD, a simple…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-26 Chen Li

Merging mobile edge computing (MEC) functionality with the dense deployment of base stations (BSs) provides enormous benefits such as a real proximity, low latency access to computing resources. However, the envisioned integration creates…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-09-11 Yuxuan Sun , Sheng Zhou , Jie Xu

Large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) networks enable intelligent services such as smart cities and autonomous driving, but often face resource constraints. Collecting heterogeneous sensory data, especially in small-scale datasets, is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Haihui Xie , Wenkun Wen , Shuwu Chen , Zhaogang Shu , Minghua Xia

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) provides a resource-efficient solution for on-device monitoring of tinyML models deployed without access to true labels. However, existing UQ methods impose significant memory and compute demands, making them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Nikhil P Ghanathe , Steven J E Wilton

Edge learning facilitates ubiquitous intelligence by enabling model training and adaptation directly on data-generating devices, thereby mitigating privacy risks and communication latency. However, the high computational and energy overhead…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Laha Ale , Hu Luo , Mingsheng Cao , Shichao Li , Huanlai Xing , Haifeng Sun

This paper studies a federated edge learning system, in which an edge server coordinates a set of edge devices to train a shared machine learning model based on their locally distributed data samples. During the distributed training, we…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Xiaopeng Mo , Jie Xu

Contextual Artificial Intelligence (AI) based on emerging Transformer models is predicted to drive the next technology revolution in interactive wearable devices such as new-generation smart glasses. By coupling numerous sensors with small,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Severin Bochem , Victor J. B. Jung , Arpan Prasad , Francesco Conti , Luca Benini