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Deep learning based medical image classifiers have shown remarkable prowess in various application areas like ophthalmology, dermatology, pathology, and radiology. However, the acceptance of these Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems in…

The interpretation of deep learning models is a challenge due to their size, complexity, and often opaque internal state. In addition, many systems, such as image classifiers, operate on low-level features rather than high-level concepts.…

Deep learning shows promise for medical image analysis but lacks interpretability, hindering adoption in healthcare. Attribution techniques that explain model reasoning may increase trust in deep learning among clinical stakeholders. This…

The computer-aided detection (CADe) systems are developed to assist pathologists in slide assessment, increasing diagnosis efficiency and reducing missing inspections. Many studies have shown such a CADe system with deep learning approaches…

Adopting Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in the daily routine of primary diagnosis requires not only near-perfect precision, but also a sufficient degree of generalization to data acquisition shifts and transparency. Existing CNN…

Objective: We develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system using deep learning approaches for lesion detection and classification on whole-slide images (WSIs) with breast cancer. The deep features being distinguishing in classification…

Histopathology remains the gold standard for cancer diagnosis because it provides detailed cellular-level assessment of tissue morphology. However, manual histopathological examination is time-consuming, labour-intensive, and subject to…

Concept-based explanations translate the internal representations of deep learning models into a language that humans are familiar with: concepts. One popular method for finding concepts is Concept Activation Vectors (CAVs), which are…

CNN visualization and interpretation methods, like class-activation maps (CAMs), are typically used to highlight the image regions linked to class predictions. These models allow to simultaneously classify images and extract class-dependent…

Recent advances in deep learning have enabled the development of automated frameworks for analysing medical images and signals, including analysis of cervical cancer. Many previous works focus on the analysis of isolated cervical cells, or…

Interpretability of deep learning is widely used to evaluate the reliability of medical imaging models and reduce the risks of inaccurate patient recommendations. For models exceeding human performance, e.g. predicting RNA structure from…

Decisions made by convolutional neural networks(CNN) can be understood and explained by visualizing discriminative regions on images. To this end, Class Activation Map (CAM) based methods were proposed as powerful interpretation tools,…

Interpretability is a critical factor in applying complex deep learning models to advance the understanding of brain disorders in neuroimaging studies. To interpret the decision process of a trained classifier, existing techniques typically…

Explainability of deep learning methods is imperative to facilitate their clinical adoption in digital pathology. However, popular deep learning methods and explainability techniques (explainers) based on pixel-wise processing disregard…

The opaque nature of deep learning models remains a significant barrier to their clinical adoption in medical imaging. This paper presents a multimodal explainability framework that bridges the gap between convolutional neural network (CNN)…

We propose an exhaustive methodology that leverages all levels of feature abstraction, targeting an enhancement in the generalizability of image classification to unobserved hospitals. Our approach incorporates augmentation-based…

With the increase in the use of deep learning for computer-aided diagnosis in medical images, the criticism of the black-box nature of the deep learning models is also on the rise. The medical community needs interpretable models for both…

Accurate and scalable cancer diagnosis remains a critical challenge in modern pathology, particularly for malignancies such as breast, prostate, bone, and cervical, which exhibit complex histological variability. In this study, we propose a…

The deployment of Machine Learning models intraoperatively for tissue characterisation can assist decision making and guide safe tumour resections. For image classification models, pixel attribution methods are popular to infer…

As the request for deep learning solutions increases, the need for explainability is even more fundamental. In this setting, particular attention has been given to visualization techniques, that try to attribute the right relevance to each…