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Score-based Generative Models (SGMs) have achieved impressive performance in data generation across a wide range of applications and benefit from strong theoretical guarantees. Recently, methods inspired by statistical mechanics, in…

We apply Stochastic Quantization Method to dissipative systems at finite temperature. Especially, the relation of SQM to the Caldeira-Leggett model is clarified ensuring that the naive Wick rotation is improved in this context. We show that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Naohito Nakazawa , Eisaku Sakane

We propose new continuous-time formulations for first-order stochastic optimization algorithms such as mini-batch gradient descent and variance-reduced methods. We exploit these continuous-time models, together with simple Lyapunov analysis…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-03-12 Antonio Orvieto , Aurelien Lucchi

We study the convergence to equilibrium of an underdamped Langevin equation that is controlled by a linear feedback force. Specifically, we are interested in sampling the possibly multimodal invariant probability distribution of a Langevin…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-12 Tobias Breiten , Carsten Hartmann , Lara Neureither , Upanshu Sharma

In deep learning, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its momentum-based variants are widely used for optimization. However, the internal dynamics of these methods remain underexplored. In this paper, we analyze gradient behavior through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zhipeng Yao , Rui Yu , Guisong Chang , Ying Li , Yu Zhang , Dazhou Li

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is the workhorse of modern machine learning. Sometimes, there are many different potential gradient estimators that can be used. When so, choosing the one with the best tradeoff between cost and variance is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Tomas Geffner , Justin Domke

We present a convergence rate analysis for biased stochastic gradient descent (SGD), where individual gradient updates are corrupted by computation errors. We develop stochastic quadratic constraints to formulate a small linear matrix…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-03-31 Bin Hu , Peter Seiler , Laurent Lessard

In this article, we fill a gap in the literature regarding quantitative functional central limit theorems (qfCLT) for Hawkes processes by providing an upper bound for the convergence of a nearly unstable Hawkes process toward a…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-16 Laure Coutin , Benjamin Massat , Anthony Réveillac

We study the local convergence of diffusive mean-field systems, including Wasserstein gradient flows, min-max dynamics, and multi-species games. We establish exponential local convergence in $\chi^2$-divergence with sharp rates, under two…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Guillaume Wang , Lénaïc Chizat

Stochastic approximation (SA) is an iterative algorithm for finding the fixed point of an operator using noisy samples and widely used in optimization and Reinforcement Learning (RL). The noise in RL exhibits a Markovian structure, and in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Shaan Ul Haque , Sajad Khodadadian , Siva Theja Maguluri

Stochastic reduced-order models are widely used to represent the effective dynamics of complex systems, but estimating their drift and diffusion coefficients from data remains challenging. Standard approaches often rely on short-time…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-28 Ludovico T. Giorgini

We introduce a continuous policy-value iteration algorithm where the approximations of the value function of a stochastic control problem and the optimal control are simultaneously updated through Langevin-type dynamics. This framework…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-11 Qi Feng , Gu Wang

We study the stationary sojourn time distribution in an M/G/1 queue operating under heavy traffic. It is known that the sojourn time converges to an exponential distribution in the limit. Our focus is on obtaining pre-asymptotic,…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Bihan Chatterjee , Siva Theja Maguluri , Debankur Mukherjee

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is central to simulation optimization, stochastic programming, and online M-estimation, where sampling effort is a decision variable. We study the mini-batch gradient noise as a sampling-design object.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-16 Daniel Zantedeschi , Kumar Muthuraman

For a difference approximations of multidimensional diffusion, the truncated local limit theorem is proved. Under very mild conditions on the distribution of the difference terms, this theorem provides that the transition probabilities of…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-01-16 Alexey M. Kulik

Stein's method is a method of probability approximation which hinges on the solution of a functional equation. For normal approximation the functional equation is a first order differential equation. Malliavin calculus is an…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-05-11 Louis H. Y. Chen

State space models (SSMs) are a flexible approach to modeling complex time series. However, inference in SSMs is often computationally prohibitive for long time series. Stochastic gradient MCMC (SGMCMC) is a popular method for scalable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-11 Christopher Aicher , Yi-An Ma , Nicholas J. Foti , Emily B. Fox

We propose a novel analysis of the Decentralized Stochastic Gradient Descent (DSGD) algorithm with constant step size, interpreting the iterates of the algorithm as a Markov chain. We show that DSGD converges to a stationary distribution,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Lucas Versini , Paul Mangold , Aymeric Dieuleveut

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and its Ruppert-Polyak averaged variant (ASGD) lie at the heart of modern large-scale learning, yet their theoretical properties in high-dimensional settings are rarely understood. In this paper, we provide…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-15 Jiaqi Li , Zhipeng Lou , Johannes Schmidt-Hieber , Wei Biao Wu

Under reasonable algebraic assumptions and under an infinite second order moment assumption, we show that the logarithm of the norm (log-norm) of a product of random i.i.d. matrices with entries in $\mathbb{R}$ or in any other local field…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-09 Axel Péneau
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