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Lifelong learning (LL) aims to improve a predictive model as the data source evolves continuously. Most work in this learning paradigm has focused on resolving the problem of 'catastrophic forgetting,' which refers to a notorious dilemma…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Jinghan Jia , Yihua Zhang , Dogyoon Song , Sijia Liu , Alfred Hero

Recent success in deep reinforcement learning for continuous control has been dominated by model-free approaches which, unlike model-based approaches, do not suffer from representational limitations in making assumptions about the world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Muhammad Burhan Hafez , Cornelius Weber , Matthias Kerzel , Stefan Wermter

When Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents are deployed in practice, they might impact their environment and change its dynamics. We propose a new framework to model this phenomenon, where the current environment depends on the deployed policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Ben Rank , Stelios Triantafyllou , Debmalya Mandal , Goran Radanovic

Reinforcement learning (RL) excels in various applications but struggles in dynamic environments where the underlying Markov decision process evolves. Continual reinforcement learning (CRL) enables RL agents to continually learn and adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Xue Yang , Michael Schukat , Junlin Lu , Patrick Mannion , Karl Mason , Enda Howley

We present two elegant solutions for modeling continuous-time dynamics, in a novel model-based reinforcement learning (RL) framework for semi-Markov decision processes (SMDPs), using neural ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Our models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Jianzhun Du , Joseph Futoma , Finale Doshi-Velez

Reinforcement learning for training end-to-end autonomous driving models in closed-loop simulations is gaining growing attention. However, most simulation environments differ significantly from real-world conditions, creating a substantial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Chaojun Ni , Guosheng Zhao , Xiaofeng Wang , Zheng Zhu , Wenkang Qin , Xinze Chen , Guanghong Jia , Guan Huang , Wenjun Mei

In this paper, we propose Multi-View Dreaming, a novel reinforcement learning agent for integrated recognition and control from multi-view observations by extending Dreaming. Most current reinforcement learning method assumes a single-view…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Akira Kinose , Masashi Okada , Ryo Okumura , Tadahiro Taniguchi

Autonomous driving, as an agent operating in the physical world, requires the fundamental capability to build \textit{world models} that capture how the environment evolves spatiotemporally in order to support long-term planning. At the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Haoran Zhu , Anna Choromanska

How to learn an effective reinforcement learning-based model for control tasks from high-level visual observations is a practical and challenging problem. A key to solving this problem is to learn low-dimensional state representations from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Jianda Chen , Sinno Jialin Pan

Reinforcement learning (RL) is well known for requiring large amounts of data in order for RL agents to learn to perform complex tasks. Recent progress in model-based RL allows agents to be much more data-efficient, as it enables them to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Remo Sasso , Matthia Sabatelli , Marco A. Wiering

When agents interact with a complex environment, they must form and maintain beliefs about the relevant aspects of that environment. We propose a way to efficiently train expressive generative models in complex environments. We show that a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Karol Gregor , Danilo Jimenez Rezende , Frederic Besse , Yan Wu , Hamza Merzic , Aaron van den Oord

In this work, we generalize the problem of learning through interaction in a POMDP by accounting for eventual additional information available at training time. First, we introduce the informed POMDP, a new learning paradigm offering a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Gaspard Lambrechts , Adrien Bolland , Damien Ernst

In real-world applications with large state and action spaces, reinforcement learning (RL) typically employs function approximations to represent core components like the policies, value functions, and dynamics models. Although powerful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chenxiao Gao , Haotian Sun , Na Li , Dale Schuurmans , Bo Dai

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agents are often sensitive to visual changes that were unseen in their training environments. To address this problem, we leverage the sequential nature of RL to learn robust representations that encode…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Jiameng Fan , Wenchao Li

Learning-based approaches, notably Reinforcement Learning (RL), have shown promise for solving optimal control tasks without explicit system models. However, these approaches are often sample-inefficient, sensitive to reward design and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-04 Lihan Lian , Uduak Inyang-Udoh

The success of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) lies in its ability to learn a representation that is well-suited for the exploration and exploitation task. To understand how the choice of representation can improve the efficiency of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Weitong Zhang , Jiafan He , Dongruo Zhou , Amy Zhang , Quanquan Gu

World models require robust relational understanding to support prediction, reasoning, and control. While object-centric representations provide a useful abstraction, they are not sufficient to capture interaction-dependent dynamics. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Heejeong Nam , Quentin Le Lidec , Lucas Maes , Yann LeCun , Randall Balestriero

In model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL), Wan et al. (2019) showed conditions under which the environment model could produce the expectation of the next feature vector rather than the full distribution, or a sample thereof, with no…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Katya Kudashkina , Yi Wan , Abhishek Naik , Richard S. Sutton

Autonomous drone navigation in dynamic environments remains a critical challenge, especially when dealing with unpredictable scenarios including fast-moving objects with rapidly changing goal positions. While traditional planners and…

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents typically learn tabula rasa, without prior knowledge of the world. However, if initialized with knowledge of high-level subgoals and transitions between subgoals, RL agents could utilize this Abstract…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Kolby Nottingham , Prithviraj Ammanabrolu , Alane Suhr , Yejin Choi , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Sameer Singh , Roy Fox