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Generative large language models (LLMs) with instruct training such as GPT-4 can follow human-provided instruction prompts and generate human-like responses to these prompts. Apart from natural language responses, they have also been found…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Sumit Kumar Jha , Susmit Jha , Patrick Lincoln , Nathaniel D. Bastian , Alvaro Velasquez , Rickard Ewetz , Sandeep Neema

Retrained large language models (LLMs) have become extensively used across various sub-disciplines of natural language processing (NLP). In NLP, text classification problems have garnered considerable focus, but still faced with some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Zhiqiang Wang , Yiran Pang , Yanbin Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are deep learning models designed to generate text based on textual input. Although researchers have been developing these models for more complex tasks such as code generation and general reasoning, few efforts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Mahmoud Masoud , Ahmed Abdelhay , Mohammed Elhenawy

Generative AI has shown its values for many software engineering tasks. Still in its infancy, large language model (LLM)-based proof generation lags behind LLM-based code generation. In this paper, we present AutoVerus. AutoVerus uses LLMs…

Large language models (LLMs) are a new and powerful tool for a wide span of applications involving natural language and demonstrate impressive code generation abilities. The goal of this work is to automatically generate tests and use these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Christian Munley , Aaron Jarmusch , Sunita Chandrasekaran

Assisting LLMs with code generation improved their performance on mathematical reasoning tasks. However, the evaluation of code-assisted LLMs is generally restricted to execution correctness, lacking a rigorous evaluation of their generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Zena Al-Khalili , Nick Howell , Dietrich Klakow

The math abilities of large language models can represent their abstract reasoning ability. In this paper, we introduce and open-source our math reasoning LLMs InternLM-Math which is continue pre-trained from InternLM2. We unify…

Automated code generation using large language models (LLMs) has gained attention due to its efficiency and adaptability. However, real-world coding tasks or benchmarks like HumanEval and StudentEval often lack dedicated training datasets,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Shuai Wang , Liang Ding , Yibing Zhan , Yong Luo , Zheng He , Dapeng Tao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been suggested for use in automated vulnerability repair, but benchmarks showing they can consistently identify security-related bugs are lacking. We thus develop SecLLMHolmes, a fully automated evaluation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Saad Ullah , Mingji Han , Saurabh Pujar , Hammond Pearce , Ayse Coskun , Gianluca Stringhini

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and Copilot, are transforming software development by automating code generation and, arguably, enable rapid prototyping, support education, and boost productivity. Therefore, correctness and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Robin Beer , Alexander Feix , Tim Guttzeit , Tamara Muras , Vincent Müller , Maurice Rauscher , Florian Schäffler , Welf Löwe

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in automated code generation. While effective for mainstream languages, they may underperform on less common or domain-specific languages, prompting companies to develop…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Giuseppe Crupi , Rosalia Tufano , Gabriele Bavota

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in addressing logic problems. capitalizing on the great capabilities of LLMs for code-related activities, several frameworks leveraging logical solvers…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Minyu Chen , Guoqiang Li , Ling-I Wu , Ruibang Liu , Yuxin Su , Xi Chang , Jianxin Xue

We propose VulnLLM-R, the~\emph{first specialized reasoning LLM} for vulnerability detection. Our key insight is that LLMs can reason about program states and analyze the potential vulnerabilities, rather than simple pattern matching. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yuzhou Nie , Hongwei Li , Chengquan Guo , Ruizhe Jiang , Zhun Wang , Bo Li , Dawn Song , Wenbo Guo

System-Level Test (SLT) has been a part of the test flow for integrated circuits for over a decade and still gains importance. However, no systematic approaches exist for test program generation, especially targeting non-functional…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Denis Schwachhofer , Peter Domanski , Steffen Becker , Stefan Wagner , Matthias Sauer , Dirk Pflüger , Ilia Polian

Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-3 and GPT-4 have emerged as groundbreaking innovations with capabilities that extend far beyond traditional AI applications. These sophisticated models, trained on massive datasets, can generate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Md Asraful Haque

Formal specifications, such as pre- and post-conditions provide a solid basis for performing thorough program verification. However, developers rarely provide such formal specifications, hence if AI could help in constructing them, it would…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-19 I. S. W. B. Prasetya , Fitsum Kifetew , Davide Prandi

Decoder-only large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive capabilities in text generation and reasoning. Nonetheless, they have limited applications in simultaneous machine translation (SiMT), currently dominated by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Roman Koshkin , Katsuhito Sudoh , Satoshi Nakamura

Despite rapid progress in logic locking (LL), reproducibility remains a challenge as codes are rarely made public. We present LockForge, a first-of-its-kind, multi-agent large language model (LLM) framework that turns LL descriptions in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Akashdeep Saha , Zeng Wang , Prithwish Basu Roy , Johann Knechtel , Ozgur Sinanoglu , Ramesh Karri

Recent Large Language Models (LLMs) such as OpenAI o3-mini and DeepSeek-R1 use enhanced reasoning through Chain-of-Thought (CoT). Their potential in hardware design, which relies on expert-driven iterative optimization, remains unexplored.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Luca Collini , Andrew Hennessee , Ramesh Karri , Siddharth Garg

Capture The Flag (CTF) challenges are puzzles related to computer security scenarios. With the advent of large language models (LLMs), more and more CTF participants are using LLMs to understand and solve the challenges. However, so far no…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Minghao Shao , Boyuan Chen , Sofija Jancheska , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , Siddharth Garg , Ramesh Karri , Muhammad Shafique