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One of the core research questions in the theory of quantum computing is to find out to what precise extent the classical simulation of a noisy quantum circuits is possible and where potential quantum advantages can set in. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Janek Denzler , Jose Carrasco , Jens Eisert , Tommaso Guaita

Quantum computers are believed to have the ability to process huge data sizes which can be seen in machine learning applications. In these applications, the data in general is classical. Therefore, to process them on a quantum computer,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-02 Ammar Daskin , Rishabh Gupta , Sabre Kais

As state-of-the-art quantum computers are capable of running increasingly complex algorithms, the need for automated methods to design and test potential applications rises. Equivalence checking of quantum circuits is an important, yet…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-30 Tom Peham , Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille

The ZX-calculus is a graphical language for quantum processes with built-in rewrite rules. The rewrite rules allow equalities to be derived entirely graphically, leading to the question of completeness: can any equality that is derivable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-06 Miriam Backens

Quantum variational circuits have gained significant attention due to their applications in the quantum approximate optimization algorithm and quantum machine learning research. This work introduces a novel class of classical probabilistic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-17 Gal Weitz , Lirandë Pira , Chris Ferrie , Joshua Combes

Optimizing quantum circuits is a key challenge for quantum computing. The PyZX compiler broke new ground by optimizing circuits via the ZX calculus, a powerful graphical alternative to the quantum circuit model. Still, it carries no…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-20 Adrian Lehmann , Ben Caldwell , Robert Rand

We study classical simulation of quantum computation, taking the Gottesman-Knill theorem as a starting point. We show how each Clifford circuit can be reduced to an equivalent, manifestly simulatable circuit (normal form). This provides a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-20 M. Van den Nest

Variational Quantum Circuits (VQC) lie at the forefront of quantum machine learning research. Still, the use of quantum networks for real data processing remains challenging as the number of available qubits cannot accommodate a large…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-06 G. Maragkopoulos , A. Mandilara , A. Tsili , D. Syvridis

A critical step in developing circuits for quantum simulation is to synthesize a desired unitary operator using the circuit building blocks. Studying unitaries and their generators from the Lie algebraic perspective has given rise to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Omar Alsheikh , Efekan Kökcü , Bojko N. Bakalov , A. F. Kemper

Low-rank approximation is an effective model compression technique to not only reduce parameter storage requirements, but to also reduce computations. For convolutional neural networks (CNNs), however, well-known low-rank approximation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Dongsoo Lee , Se Jung Kwon , Byeongwook Kim , Gu-Yeon Wei

Mapping out phase diagrams of quantum systems using classical simulations can be challenging or intractable due to the computational resources required to simulate even small quantum systems far away from the thermodynamic limit. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-05 Jan Lukas Bosse , Raul Santos , Ashley Montanaro

The simulation of real-time dynamics in lattice gauge theories is particularly hard for classical computing due to the exponential scaling of the required resources. On the other hand, quantum algorithms can potentially perform the same…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-11 Simon V. Mathis , Guglielmo Mazzola , Ivano Tavernelli

Quantum simulation is one of the central discipline to demonstrate the power of quantum computing. In recent years, the theoretical framework of quantum superchannels has been developed and applied widely as the extension of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-12 K. Wang , D. -S. Wang

Many routines that one might want to run on a quantum computer can benefit from adaptive circuits, relying on mid-circuit measurements and feed-forward operations. Any such measurement has to be compiled into a sequence of elementary gates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-17 Julio C. Magdalena de la Fuente

ZX-Calculus is a versatile graphical language for quantum computation equipped with an equational theory. Getting inspiration from Geometry of Interaction, in this paper we propose a token-machine-based asynchronous model of both pure…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Kostia Chardonnet , Benoît Valiron , Renaud Vilmart

We present a quantum compilation algorithm that maps Clifford encoders, encoding maps for stabilizer quantum codes, to a unique graphical representation in the ZX calculus. Specifically, we develop a canonical form in the ZX calculus and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Andrey Boris Khesin , Jonathan Z. Lu , Peter W. Shor

We exploit a recently constructed mapping between quantum circuits and graphs in order to prove that circuits corresponding to certain planar graphs can be efficiently simulated classically. The proof uses an expression for the Ising model…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-28 J. Geraci , D. A. Lidar

The polynomial method from circuit complexity has been applied to several fundamental problems and obtains the state-of-the-art running times. As observed in [Alman and Williams, STOC 2017], almost all applications of the polynomial method…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Lijie Chen , Ruosong Wang

Simulating quantum algorithms with classical resources generally requires exponential resources. However, heuristic classical approaches are often very efficient in approximately simulating special circuit structures, for example with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-17 Bjarni Jónsson , Bela Bauer , Giuseppe Carleo

We give new and efficient black-box reconstruction algorithms for some classes of depth-$3$ arithmetic circuits. As a consequence, we obtain the first efficient algorithm for computing the tensor rank and for finding the optimal tensor…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Vishwas Bhargava , Shubhangi Saraf , Ilya Volkovich
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