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Discrete diffusion models are a class of generative models that construct sequences by progressively denoising samples from a categorical noise distribution. Beyond their rapidly growing ability to generate coherent natural language, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Michael Cardei , Jacob K Christopher , Thomas Hartvigsen , Bhavya Kailkhura , Ferdinando Fioretto

The effective communication of procedural knowledge remains a significant challenge in natural language processing (NLP), as purely textual instructions often fail to convey complex physical actions and spatial relationships. We address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jing Bi , Pinxin Liu , Ali Vosoughi , Jiarui Wu , Jinxi He , Chenliang Xu

Negation is a common linguistic feature that is crucial in many language understanding tasks, yet it remains a hard problem due to diversity in its expression in different types of text. Recent work has shown that state-of-the-art NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Thinh Hung Truong , Timothy Baldwin , Trevor Cohn , Karin Verspoor

Modern video codecs and learning-based approaches struggle for semantic reconstruction at extremely low bit-rates due to reliance on low-level spatiotemporal redundancies. Generative models, especially diffusion models, offer a new paradigm…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Maojun Zhang , Haotian Wu , Richeng Jin , Deniz Gunduz , Krystian Mikolajczyk

Research in vision-language models has seen rapid developments off-late, enabling natural language-based interfaces for image generation and manipulation. Many existing text guided manipulation techniques are restricted to specific classes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Paramanand Chandramouli , Kanchana Vaishnavi Gandikota

Negative guidance -- explicitly suppressing unwanted attributes -- remains a fundamental challenge in diffusion models, particularly in few-step sampling regimes. While Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) works well in standard settings, it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Dar-Yen Chen , Hmrishav Bandyopadhyay , Kai Zou , Yi-Zhe Song

Diffusion language models offer a promising alternative to autoregressive models due to their global, non-causal generation process, but their continuous latent dynamics make discrete constraints -- e.g., the output should be a JSON file…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jinwoo Kim , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Loris D'Antoni

We introduce meta-learning algorithms that perform zero-shot weight-space adaptation of neural network models to unseen tasks. Our methods repurpose the popular generative image synthesis techniques of natural language guidance and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Elvis Nava , Seijin Kobayashi , Yifei Yin , Robert K. Katzschmann , Benjamin F. Grewe

Current vision-language detection and grounding models predominantly focus on prompts with positive semantics and often struggle to accurately interpret and ground complex expressions containing negative semantics. A key reason for this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zesheng Yang , Xi Jiang , Bingzhang Hu , Weili Guan , Runmin Cong , Guo-Jun Qi , Feng Zheng

Generative models have been very popular in the recent years for their image generation capabilities. GAN-based models are highly regarded for their disentangled latent space, which is a key feature contributing to their success in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Yusuf Dalva , Pinar Yanardag

Large, text-conditioned generative diffusion models have recently gained a lot of attention for their impressive performance in generating high-fidelity images from text alone. However, achieving high-quality results is almost unfeasible in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Manuel Brack , Patrick Schramowski , Felix Friedrich , Dominik Hintersdorf , Kristian Kersting

Text-based image segmentation aims to delineate object boundaries within an image from text prompts, offering higher flexibility and broader application scope compared to traditional fixed-category segmentation tasks. Recent studies have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Zishen Qu , Xuesong Li , Haijian Gu , Hongwei Kang , Quan Meng , Tianrui Niu , Xin Yang , Ruidong Pan

The pre-trained text-image discriminative models, such as CLIP, has been explored for open-vocabulary semantic segmentation with unsatisfactory results due to the loss of crucial localization information and awareness of object shapes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Jinglong Wang , Xiawei Li , Jing Zhang , Qingyuan Xu , Qin Zhou , Qian Yu , Lu Sheng , Dong Xu

Directly sending audio signals from a transmitter to a receiver across a noisy channel may absorb consistent bandwidth and be prone to errors when trying to recover the transmitted bits. On the contrary, the recent semantic communication…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Eleonora Grassucci , Christian Marinoni , Andrea Rodriguez , Danilo Comminiello

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for generation, obtaining strong performance in various continuous domains. However, applying continuous diffusion models to natural language remains challenging due to its discrete…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Rabeeh Karimi Mahabadi , Hamish Ivison , Jaesung Tae , James Henderson , Iz Beltagy , Matthew E. Peters , Arman Cohan

Non-autoregressive (NAR) text generation has attracted much attention in the field of natural language processing, which greatly reduces the inference latency but has to sacrifice the generation accuracy. Recently, diffusion models, a class…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Yifan Li , Kun Zhou , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

The recent wave of large-scale text-to-image diffusion models has dramatically increased our text-based image generation abilities. These models can generate realistic images for a staggering variety of prompts and exhibit impressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Alexander C. Li , Mihir Prabhudesai , Shivam Duggal , Ellis Brown , Deepak Pathak

This research focuses on the development and enhancement of text-to-image denoising diffusion models, addressing key challenges such as limited sample diversity and training instability. By incorporating Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Rajdeep Roshan Sahu

Conditional diffusion models have exhibited superior performance in high-fidelity text-guided visual generation and editing. Nevertheless, prevailing text-guided visual diffusion models primarily focus on incorporating text-visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Ling Yang , Zhilong Zhang , Zhaochen Yu , Jingwei Liu , Minkai Xu , Stefano Ermon , Bin Cui

Recent advances in image generation have made diffusion models powerful tools for creating high-quality images. However, their iterative denoising process makes understanding and interpreting their semantic latent spaces more challenging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 E. Zhixuan Zeng , Yuhao Chen , Alexander Wong