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This paper presents the \textbf{S}emantic-a\textbf{W}ar\textbf{E} spatial-t\textbf{E}mporal \textbf{T}okenizer (SweetTok), a novel video tokenizer to overcome the limitations in current video tokenization methods for compacted yet effective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Zhentao Tan , Ben Xue , Jian Jia , Junhao Wang , Wencai Ye , Shaoyun Shi , Mingjie Sun , Wenjin Wu , Quan Chen , Peng Jiang

Autoregressive (AR) language models generate text one token at a time, which limits their inference speed. Diffusion-based language models offer a promising alternative, as they can decode multiple tokens in parallel. However, we identify a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yeongbin Seo , Dongha Lee , Jaehyung Kim , Jinyoung Yeo

We introduce Causal Diffusion as the autoregressive (AR) counterpart of Diffusion models. It is a next-token(s) forecasting framework that is friendly to both discrete and continuous modalities and compatible with existing next-token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Chaorui Deng , Deyao Zhu , Kunchang Li , Shi Guang , Haoqi Fan

Tokenizing images into compact visual representations is a key step in learning efficient and high-quality image generative models. We present a simple diffusion tokenizer (DiTo) that learns compact visual representations for image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Yinbo Chen , Rohit Girdhar , Xiaolong Wang , Sai Saketh Rambhatla , Ishan Misra

While advanced image captioning systems are increasingly describing images coherently and exactly, recent progress in continual learning allows deep learning models to avoid catastrophic forgetting. However, the domain where image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Giang Nguyen , Tae Joon Jun , Trung Tran , Tolcha Yalew , Daeyoung Kim

Tokenization in video models, typically through patchification, generates an excessive and redundant number of tokens. This severely limits video efficiency and scalability. While recent trajectory-based tokenizers offer a promising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chenhao Zheng , Jieyu Zhang , Jianing Zhang , Weikai Huang , Ashutosh Kumar , Quan Kong , Oncel Tuzel , Chun-Liang Li , Ranjay Krishna

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated substantial value in unified text-image understanding and reasoning, primarily by converting images into sequences of patch-level tokens that align with their architectural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xinliang Zhang , Lei Zhu , Hangzhou He , Shuang Zeng , Ourui Fu , Jiakui Hu , Zhengjian Yao , Yanye Lu

Rectified Flow (RF) models have advanced high-quality image and video synthesis via optimal transport theory. However, when applied to image-to-image translation, they still depend on costly multi-step denoising, hindering real-time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Shengqian Li , Ming Gao , Yi Liu , Zuzeng Lin , Feng Wang , Feng Dai

We present \textbf{Met}a-\textbf{T}oken \textbf{Le}arning (Mettle), a simple and memory-efficient method for adapting large-scale pretrained transformer models to downstream audio-visual tasks. Instead of sequentially modifying the output…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jinxing Zhou , Zhihui Li , Yongqiang Yu , Yanghao Zhou , Ruohao Guo , Guangyao Li , Yuxin Mao , Mingfei Han , Xiaojun Chang , Meng Wang

Tokenizer is a crucial component for both visual understanding and generation. To advance toward the ultimate goal of universal modeling, recent research has focused on developing a unified tokenizer. However, existing tokenizers face a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhengrong Yue , Haiyu Zhang , Xiangyu Zeng , Boyu Chen , Chenting Wang , Shaobin Zhuang , Lu Dong , Yi Wang , Limin Wang , Yali Wang

It is encouraged to see that progress has been made to bridge videos and natural language. However, mainstream video captioning methods suffer from slow inference speed due to the sequential manner of autoregressive decoding, and prefer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Bang Yang , Yuexian Zou , Fenglin Liu , Can Zhang

Modern large vision-language models (LVLMs) convert each input image into a large set of tokens that far outnumber the text tokens. Although this improves visual perception, it also introduces severe image token redundancy. Because image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Yanshu Li , Jianjiang Yang , Zhennan Shen , Ligong Han , Haoyan Xu , Ruixiang Tang

Visual tokenizers map high-dimensional raw pixels into a compressed representation for downstream modeling. Beyond compression, tokenizers dictate what information is preserved and how it is organized. A de facto standard approach to video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Andrei Atanov , Jesse Allardice , Roman Bachmann , Oğuzhan Fatih Kar , R Devon Hjelm , David Griffiths , Peter Fu , Afshin Dehghan , Amir Zamir

Real-time transmission of visual data over wireless networks remains highly challenging, even when leveraging advanced deep neural networks, particularly under severe channel conditions such as limited bandwidth and weak connectivity. In…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Zhenyu Liu , Yi Ma , Rahim Tafazolli

Image tokenizers are crucial for visual generative models, e.g., diffusion models (DMs) and autoregressive (AR) models, as they construct the latent representation for modeling. Increasing token length is a common approach to improve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Xiang Li , Kai Qiu , Hao Chen , Jason Kuen , Jiuxiang Gu , Bhiksha Raj , Zhe Lin

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in processing vision-language tasks. One of the crux of MLLMs lies in vision tokenization, which involves efficiently transforming input visual signals into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Shengqiong Wu , Hao Fei , Xiangtai Li , Jiayi Ji , Hanwang Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua , Shuicheng Yan

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have spurred interests in encoding images as discrete tokens and leveraging autoregressive (AR) frameworks for visual generation. However, the quantization process in AR-based visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Peng Zheng , Junke Wang , Yi Chang , Yizhou Yu , Rui Ma , Zuxuan Wu

We present TokenCompose, a Latent Diffusion Model for text-to-image generation that achieves enhanced consistency between user-specified text prompts and model-generated images. Despite its tremendous success, the standard denoising process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Zirui Wang , Zhizhou Sha , Zheng Ding , Yilin Wang , Zhuowen Tu

The current conditional autoregressive image generation methods have shown promising results, yet their potential remains largely unexplored in the practical unsupervised image translation domain, which operates without explicit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yi Liu , Shengqian Li , Zuzeng Lin , Feng Wang , Si Liu

Recent advancements in text-to-image synthesis have been largely propelled by diffusion-based models, yet achieving precise alignment between text prompts and generated images remains a persistent challenge. We find that this difficulty…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xiefan Guo , Xinzhu Ma , Haiyu Zhang , Di Huang