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Reinforcement learning (RL) is essential for enhancing the complex reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, existing RL training pipelines are computationally inefficient and resource-intensive, with the rollout…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Haocheng Xi , Charlie Ruan , Peiyuan Liao , Yujun Lin , Han Cai , Yilong Zhao , Shuo Yang , Kurt Keutzer , Song Han , Ligeng Zhu

Retrieval-augmented language models (RALMs) improve performance by accessing long-tail and up-to-date knowledge from external data stores, but are challenging to build. Existing approaches require either expensive retrieval-specific…

In recent years, Rectified flow (RF) has gained considerable popularity largely due to its generation efficiency and state-of-the-art performance. In this paper, we investigate the degree to which RF automatically adapts to the intrinsic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-24 Saptarshi Roy , Alessandro Rinaldo , Purnamrita Sarkar

We propose a reinforcement learning (RL) framework for the dynamic selection of the filter parameter in Evolve-Filter (EF) regularization strategies for incompressible turbulent flows. Instead of prescribing the filter radius heuristically,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Anna Ivagnes , Maria Strazzullo , Gianluigi Rozza

Feature caching approaches accelerate diffusion transformers (DiTs) by storing the output features of computationally expensive modules at certain timesteps, and exploiting them for subsequent steps to reduce redundant computations. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Byunggwan Son , Jeimin Jeon , Jeongwoo Choi , Bumsub Ham

We introduce a new sequential transformer reinforcement learning architecture RLT4Rec and demonstrate that it achieves excellent performance in a range of item recommendation tasks. RLT4Rec uses a relatively simple transformer architecture…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Dilina Chandika Rajapakse , Douglas Leith

Although diffusion-based real-world image restoration (Real-IR) has achieved remarkable progress, efficiently leveraging ultra-large-scale pre-trained text-to-image (T2I) models and fully exploiting their potential remain significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Purui Bai , Junxian Duan , Pin Wang , Jinhua Hao , Ming Sun , Chao Zhou , Huaibo Huang

Meta reinforcement learning (Meta-RL) methods such as RL$^2$ have emerged as promising approaches for learning data-efficient RL algorithms tailored to a given task distribution. However, they show poor asymptotic performance and struggle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Abhinav Bhatia , Samer B. Nashed , Shlomo Zilberstein

In the landscape of Recommender System (RS) applications, reinforcement learning (RL) has recently emerged as a powerful tool, primarily due to its proficiency in optimizing long-term rewards. Nevertheless, it suffers from instability in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Ziru Liu , Shuchang Liu , Zijian Zhang , Qingpeng Cai , Xiangyu Zhao , Kesen Zhao , Lantao Hu , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) represents a significant shift in RL research, allowing agents to learn from pre-collected datasets without further interaction with the environment. A key, yet underexplored, challenge in offline RL is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Yiqin Yang , Quanwei Wang , Chenghao Li , Hao Hu , Chengjie Wu , Yuhua Jiang , Dianyu Zhong , Ziyou Zhang , Qianchuan Zhao , Chongjie Zhang , Xu Bo

Efficient data transfers over high-speed, long-distance shared networks require proper utilization of available network bandwidth. Using parallel TCP streams enables an application to utilize network parallelism and can improve transfer…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Hasibul Jamil , Elvis Rodrigues , Jacob Goldverg , Tevfik Kosar

Reinforcement Learning from human feedback (RLHF) has been shown a promising direction for aligning generative models with human intent and has also been explored in recent works for alignment of diffusion generative models. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Hanyang Zhao , Haoxian Chen , Ji Zhang , David D. Yao , Wenpin Tang

Operating Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices is increasingly challenged by limited communication bandwidth and strained computational and memory costs. Thus, cloud-assisted remote fine-tuning becomes indispensable. Nevertheless,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Shiyi Yang , Xiaoxue Yu , Rongpeng Li , Jianhang Zhu , Zhifeng Zhao , Honggang Zhang

Vision-language-action (VLA) models have shown strong generalization across tasks and embodiments; however, their reliance on large-scale human demonstrations limits their scalability owing to the cost and effort of manual data collection.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Rushuai Yang , Hangxing Wei , Ran Zhang , Zhiyuan Feng , Xiaoyu Chen , Tong Li , Chuheng Zhang , Li Zhao , Jiang Bian , Xiu Su , Yi Chen

With the rapid advancement of multimodal retrieval and its application in LLMs and multimodal LLMs, increasingly complex retrieval tasks have emerged. Existing methods predominantly rely on task-specific fine-tuning of vision-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Davide Caffagni , Sara Sarto , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

In recent years, motion generative models have undergone significant advancement, yet pose challenges in aligning with downstream objectives. Recent studies have shown that using differentiable rewards to directly align the preference of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xiaofeng Tan , Wanjiang Weng , Haodong Lei , Hongsong Wang

Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) learns optimal policies from fixed datasets, training a policy once and deploying it at inference time without further refinement. Inspired by model predictive control (MPC), we introduce an inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Rohan Deb , Stephen J. Wright , Arindam Banerjee

We propose a new reinforcement learning (RL) formulation for training continuous-time score-based diffusion models for generative AI to generate samples that maximize reward functions while keeping the generated distributions close to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xuefeng Gao , Jiale Zha , Xun Yu Zhou

By formulating data samples' formation as a Markov denoising process, diffusion models achieve state-of-the-art performances in a collection of tasks. Recently, many variants of diffusion models have been proposed to enable controlled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Hengtong Zhang , Tingyang Xu

Register Transfer Level (RTL) design translates high-level specifications into hardware using HDLs such as Verilog. Although LLM-based RTL generation is promising, the scarcity of functionally verifiable high-quality data limits both…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xinyu Zhang , Zhiteng Chao , Yonghao Wang , Bin Sun , Tianyun Ma , Tianmeng Yang , Jianan Mu , Jing Justin Ye , Huawei Li