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Self-supervised models have revolutionized speech processing, achieving new levels of performance in a wide variety of tasks with limited resources. However, the inner workings of these models are still opaque. In this paper, we aim to…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Yassine El Kheir , Ahmed Ali , Shammur Absar Chowdhury

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has recently shown remarkable results in closing the gap between supervised and unsupervised learning. The idea is to learn robust features that are invariant to distortions of the input data. Despite its…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Bac Nguyen , Stefan Uhlich , Fabien Cardinaux

Recently, fine-tuning large pre-trained Transformer models using downstream datasets has received a rising interest. Despite their success, it is still challenging to disentangle the benefits of large-scale datasets and Transformer…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-19 Junyi Peng , Oldřich Plchot , Themos Stafylakis , Ladislav Mošner , Lukáš Burget , Jan Černocký

Automatic detection of speaker confidence is critical for adaptive computing but remains constrained by limited labelled data and the subjectivity of paralinguistic annotations. This paper proposes a semi-supervised hybrid framework that…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Adam Wynn , Jingyun Wang

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has shown tremendous success in various speech-related downstream tasks, including Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). The output embeddings of the SSL model are treated as powerful short-time representations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Arunkumar A , Umesh S

Probing is widely adopted in computer vision to faithfully evaluate self-supervised learning (SSL) embeddings, as fine-tuning may misrepresent their inherent quality. In contrast, audio SSL models still rely on fine-tuning because simple…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Houtan Ghaffari , Lukas Rauch , Christoph Scholz , Paul Devos

Self-supervised learning (SSL) models have become crucial in speech processing, with recent advancements concentrating on developing architectures that capture representations across multiple timescales. The primary goal of these…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-01 Theo Clark , Benedetta Cevoli , Eloy de Jong , Timofey Abramski , Jamie Dougherty

Spoofing-robust speaker verification (SASV) combines the tasks of speaker and spoof detection to authenticate speakers under adversarial settings. Many SASV systems rely on fusion of speaker and spoof cues at embedding, score or decision…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Oğuzhan Kurnaz , Jagabandhu Mishra , Tomi H. Kinnunen , Cemal Hanilçi

Self-supervised learning (SSL) models offer powerful representations for sound event detection (SED), yet their synergistic potential remains underexplored. This study systematically evaluates state-of-the-art SSL models to guide optimal…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-27 Hanfang Cui , Longfei Song , Li Li , Dongxing Xu , Yanhua Long

In recent years, self-supervised learning (SSL) frameworks have been extensively applied to sensor-based Human Activity Recognition (HAR) in order to learn deep representations without data annotations. While SSL frameworks reach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Bulat Khaertdinov , Stylianos Asteriadis

This paper investigates the effectiveness of self-supervised pre-trained vision transformers (ViTs) compared to supervised pre-trained ViTs and conventional neural networks (ConvNets) for detecting facial deepfake images and videos. It…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Huy H. Nguyen , Junichi Yamagishi , Isao Echizen

Audio deepfake detection systems based on frozen pre-trained self-supervised learning (SSL) encoders show a high level of performance when combined with layer-weighted pooling methods, such as multi-head factorized attentive pooling (MHFA).…

The rapid development of audio-driven talking head generators and advanced Text-To-Speech (TTS) models has led to more sophisticated temporal deepfakes. These advances highlight the need for robust methods capable of detecting and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-12 Ivan Kukanov , Jun Wah Ng

Self-supervised learning (SSL) approaches, such as contrastive and generative methods, have advanced environmental sound representation learning using unlabeled data. However, how these approaches can complement each other within a unified…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Sivan Ding , Julia Wilkins , Magdalena Fuentes , Juan Pablo Bello

Recent advancements in generative AI, particularly in speech synthesis, have enabled the generation of highly natural-sounding synthetic speech that closely mimics human voices. While these innovations hold promise for applications like…

Audio deepfake model attribution aims to mitigate the misuse of synthetic speech by identifying the source model responsible for generating a given audio sample, enabling accountability and informing vendors. The task is challenging, but…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Gabriel Pîrlogeanu , Adriana Stan , Horia Cucu

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has garnered significant attention in speech processing, excelling in linguistic tasks such as speech recognition. However, jointly improving the performance of pre-trained models on various downstream tasks,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 Tianrui Wang , Jin Li , Ziyang Ma , Rui Cao , Xie Chen , Longbiao Wang , Meng Ge , Xiaobao Wang , Yuguang Wang , Jianwu Dang , Nyima Tashi

The state-of-the-art audio deepfake detectors leveraging deep neural networks exhibit impressive recognition performance. Nonetheless, this advantage is accompanied by a significant carbon footprint. This is mainly due to the use of…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Subhajit Saha , Md Sahidullah , Swagatam Das

The deep learning community has witnessed an exponentially growing interest in self-supervised learning (SSL). However, it still remains unexplored how to build a framework for learning useful representations of raw music waveforms in a…

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) models rely on a pretext task to learn representations. Because this pretext task differs from the downstream tasks used to evaluate the performance of these models, there is an inherent misalignment or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Florian Bordes , Samuel Lavoie , Randall Balestriero , Nicolas Ballas , Pascal Vincent