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We study generalized linear prediction under a streaming setting, where each iteration uses only one fresh data point for a gradient-level update. While momentum is well-established in deterministic optimization, a fundamental open question…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Qian Chen , Shihong Ding , Cong Fang

Explaining the generalization characteristics of deep learning is an emerging topic in advanced machine learning. There are several unanswered questions about how learning under stochastic optimization really works and why certain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Mahdi S. Hosseini , Mathieu Tuli , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis

We study convergence properties of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) for convex objectives without assumptions on smoothness or strict convexity. We consider the question of establishing that with high probability the objective evaluated at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Andrea Schioppa

Despite exceptional achievements, training neural networks remains computationally expensive and is often plagued by instabilities that can degrade convergence. While learning rate schedules can help mitigate these issues, finding optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Benoit Dherin , Benny Avelin , Anders Karlsson , Hanna Mazzawi , Javier Gonzalvo , Michael Munn

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is the most popular algorithm for training deep neural networks (DNNs). As larger networks and datasets cause longer training times, training on distributed systems is common and distributed SGD variants,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Kwangmin Yu , Thomas Flynn , Shinjae Yoo , Nicholas D'Imperio

Decentralized stochastic optimization has emerged as a fundamental paradigm for large-scale machine learning. However, practical implementations often rely on biased gradient estimators arising from communication compression or inexact…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Qing Xu , Yiwei Liao , Wenqi Fan , Xingxing You , Songyi Dian

Gradient descent-based optimization methods underpin the parameter training of neural networks, and hence comprise a significant component in the impressive test results found in a number of applications. Introducing stochasticity is key to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Nikola B. Kovachki , Andrew M. Stuart

We study the stochastic optimization problem from a continuous-time perspective, with a focus on the Stochastic Gradient Descent with Momentum (SGDM) method. We show that the trajectory of SGDM, despite its \emph{stochastic} nature,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-17 Yasong Feng , Yifan Jiang , Tianyu Wang , Zhiliang Ying

Distributed stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has attracted considerable recent attention due to its potential for scaling computational resources, reducing training time, and helping protect user privacy in machine learning. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Siyuan Yu , Wei Chen , H. Vincent Poor

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved remarkable success in computer vision; however, training DNNs for satisfactory performance remains challenging and suffers from sensitivity to empirical selections of an optimization algorithm for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Haichao Zhang , Kuangrong Hao , Lei Gao , Bing Wei , Xuesong Tang

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are trained using stochastic gradient descent (SGD)-based optimizers. Recently, the adaptive moment estimation (Adam) optimizer has become very popular due to its adaptive momentum, which tackles the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 S. K. Roy , M. E. Paoletti , J. M. Haut , S. R. Dubey , P. Kar , A. Plaza , B. B. Chaudhuri

With an increasing demand for training powers for deep learning algorithms and the rapid growth of computation resources in data centers, it is desirable to dynamically schedule different distributed deep learning tasks to maximize resource…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Haibin Lin , Hang Zhang , Yifei Ma , Tong He , Zhi Zhang , Sheng Zha , Mu Li

Neural networks are usually trained by some form of stochastic gradient descent (SGD)). A number of strategies are in common use intended to improve SGD optimization, such as learning rate schedules, momentum, and batching. These are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-08-13 Thomas M. Breuel

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) still is the workhorse for many practical problems. However, it converges slow, and can be difficult to tune. It is possible to precondition SGD to accelerate its convergence remarkably. But many attempts…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-23 Xi-Lin Li

Natural gradient descent (NGD) is a powerful optimization technique for machine learning, but the computational complexity of the inverse Fisher information matrix limits its application in training deep neural networks. To overcome this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Weihua Liu , Said Boumaraf , Jianwu Li , Chaochao Lin , Xiabi Liu , Lijuan Niu , Naoufel Werghi

We analyze (stochastic) gradient descent (SGD) with delayed updates on smooth quasi-convex and non-convex functions and derive concise, non-asymptotic, convergence rates. We show that the rate of convergence in all cases consists of two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Sebastian U. Stich , Sai Praneeth Karimireddy

Through theoretical and experimental validation, unlike all existing adaptive methods like Adam which penalize frequently-changing parameters and are only applicable to sparse gradients, we propose the simplest SGD enhanced method,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Gongyue Zhang , Dinghuang Zhang , Shuwen Zhao , Donghan Liu , Carrie M. Toptan , Honghai Liu

We consider stochastic optimization problems where the objective depends on some parameter, as commonly found in hyperparameter optimization for instance. We investigate the behavior of the derivatives of the iterates of Stochastic Gradient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-21 Franck Iutzeler , Edouard Pauwels , Samuel Vaiter

The stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm is the algorithm we use to train neural networks. However, it remains poorly understood how the SGD navigates the highly nonlinear and degenerate loss landscape of a neural network. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Liu Ziyin , Hongchao Li , Masahito Ueda

We propose a new stochastic optimization framework for empirical risk minimization problems such as those that arise in machine learning. The traditional approaches, such as (mini-batch) stochastic gradient descent (SGD), utilize an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-04 Kenji Kawaguchi , Haihao Lu