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Recently, powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) have become easily accessible to hundreds of millions of users world-wide. However, their strong capabilities and vast world knowledge do not come without associated privacy risks. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Hanna Yukhymenko , Robin Staab , Mark Vero , Martin Vechev

Advances in deep learning have introduced a new wave of voice synthesis tools, capable of producing audio that sounds as if spoken by a target speaker. If successful, such tools in the wrong hands will enable a range of powerful attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Emily Wenger , Max Bronckers , Christian Cianfarani , Jenna Cryan , Angela Sha , Haitao Zheng , Ben Y. Zhao

Recent multi-modal Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4o have demonstrated strong capabilities of direct speech interaction. However, the lack of specialized and comprehensive benchmarks for end-to-end speech LLM evaluation hinders…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Linhao Zhang , Jian Zhang , Bokai Lei , Chuhan Wu , Aiwei Liu , Wei Jia , Xiao Zhou

Misinformation verification increasingly occurs in public, fast-moving, and multilingual online settings, where static benchmarks provide an incomplete measure of model reliability. We introduce CommunityFact, a refreshable benchmark for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Sahajpreet Singh , Insyirah Mujtahid , Min-Yen Kan , Kokil Jaidka

With the huge technological advances introduced by deep learning in audio & speech processing, many novel synthetic speech techniques achieved incredible realistic results. As these methods generate realistic fake human voices, they can be…

The rapid advancement of deepfake technology poses a significant threat to digital media integrity. Deepfakes, synthetic media created using AI, can convincingly alter videos and audio to misrepresent reality. This creates risks of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Kashish Gandhi , Prutha Kulkarni , Taran Shah , Piyush Chaudhari , Meera Narvekar , Kranti Ghag

In the age of misinformation, hallucination - the tendency of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate non-factual or unfaithful responses - represents the main risk for their global utility. Despite LLMs becoming increasingly multilingual,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Saad Obaid ul Islam , Anne Lauscher , Goran Glavaš

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized various domains with extensive knowledge and creative capabilities. However, a critical issue with LLMs is their tendency to produce outputs that diverge from factual reality. This phenomenon…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Jinwen He , Yujia Gong , Kai Chen , Zijin Lin , Chengan Wei , Yue Zhao

AI-generated speech is becoming increasingly used in everyday life, powering virtual assistants, accessibility tools, and other applications. However, it is also being exploited for malicious purposes such as impersonation, misinformation,…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Viola Negroni , Davide Salvi , Alessandro Ilic Mezza , Paolo Bestagini , Stefano Tubaro

The emergence of contemporary deepfakes has attracted significant attention in machine learning research, as artificial intelligence (AI) generated synthetic media increases the incidence of misinterpretation and is difficult to distinguish…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Ammarah Hashmi , Sahibzada Adil Shahzad , Chia-Wen Lin , Yu Tsao , Hsin-Min Wang

Recent advances in AI-generated voices have intensified the challenge of detecting deepfake audio, posing risks for scams and the spread of disinformation. To tackle this issue, we establish the largest public voice dataset to date, named…

The abundance of information in digital media, which in today's world is the main source of knowledge about current events for the masses, makes it possible to spread disinformation on a larger scale than ever before. Consequently, there is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Jędrzej Kozal , Michał Leś , Paweł Zyblewski , Paweł Ksieniewicz , Michał Woźniak

The proliferation of fake news has had far-reaching implications on politics, the economy, and society at large. While Fake news detection methods have been employed to mitigate this issue, they primarily depend on two essential elements:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Guanghua Li , Wensheng Lu , Wei Zhang , Defu Lian , Kezhong Lu , Rui Mao , Kai Shu , Hao Liao

Audio deepfake detection has become a pivotal task over the last couple of years, as many recent speech synthesis and voice cloning systems generate highly realistic speech samples, thus enabling their use in malicious activities. In this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-15 David Combei , Adriana Stan , Dan Oneata , Horia Cucu

Identifying offensive language is essential for maintaining safety and sustainability in the social media era. Though large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated encouraging potential in social media analytics, they lack thorough…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Jianfei He , Lilin Wang , Jiaying Wang , Zhenyu Liu , Hongbin Na , Zimu Wang , Wei Wang , Qi Chen

The rapid advancement of voice generation technologies has enabled the synthesis of speech that is perceptually indistinguishable from genuine human voices. While these innovations facilitate beneficial applications such as personalized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Aditya Pujari , Ajita Rattani

Deepfake generation methods are evolving fast, making fake media harder to detect and raising serious societal concerns. Most deepfake detection and dataset creation research focuses on monolingual content, often overlooking the challenges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Kartik Kuckreja , Parul Gupta , Injy Hamed , Thamar Solorio , Muhammad Haris Khan , Abhinav Dhall

Effective de-escalation is critical for law enforcement safety and community trust, yet traditional training methods lack scalability and realism. While Large Language Models (LLMs) enable dynamic, open-ended simulations, their substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Md Hasebul Hasan , Krity Haque Charu , Eshwara Prasad Sridhar , Shuchisnigdha Deb , Mohammad A. Islam

Current anti-spoofing and audio deepfake detection systems use either magnitude spectrogram-based features (such as CQT or Melspectrograms) or raw audio processed through convolution or sinc-layers. Both methods have drawbacks: magnitude…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Nicolas M. Müller , Philip Sperl , Konstantin Böttinger

Large language models (LLMs) have raised hopes for automated end-to-end fact-checking, but prior studies report mixed results. As mainstream chatbots increasingly ship with reasoning capabilities and web search tools -- and millions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Matthew R. DeVerna , Kai-Cheng Yang , Harry Yaojun Yan , Filippo Menczer