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Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (LVLMs) have shown promise across many tasks, yet their scientific reasoning capabilities remain untested, particularly in multimodal settings. We present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Xinwu Ye , Chengfan Li , Siming Chen , Wei Wei , Xiangru Tang

Humans possess spatial reasoning abilities that enable them to understand spaces through multimodal observations, such as vision and sound. Large multimodal reasoning models extend these abilities by learning to perceive and reason, showing…

Multimodal retrieval models fail on reasoning-intensive queries where images (diagrams, charts, screenshots) must be deeply integrated with text to identify relevant documents -- the best multimodal model achieves only 27.6 nDCG@10 on…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have advanced clinical tasks for common conditions, but their performance on rare diseases remains largely untested. In rare-disease scenarios, clinicians often lack prior clinical knowledge, forcing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Junzhi Ning , Jiashi Lin , Yingying Fang , Wei Li , Jiyao Liu , Cheng Tang , Chenglong Ma , Wenhao Tang , Tianbin Li , Ziyan Huang , Guang Yang , Junjun He

Recent studies have shown that long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning can significantly enhance the performance of large language models (LLMs) on complex tasks. However, this benefit is yet to be demonstrated in the domain of video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yuanxin Liu , Kun Ouyang , Haoning Wu , Yi Liu , Lin Sui , Xinhao Li , Yan Zhong , Y. Charles , Xinyu Zhou , Xu Sun

The rapid evolution of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has brought substantial advancements in artificial intelligence, significantly enhancing the capability to understand and generate multimodal content. While prior studies have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Lin Li , Guikun Chen , Hanrong Shi , Jun Xiao , Long Chen

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved impressive progress on vision language benchmarks, yet their capacity for visual cognitive and visuospatial reasoning remains less understood. We introduce "Mind's Eye", a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Rohit Sinha , Aditya Kanade , Sai Srinivas Kancheti , Vineeth N Balasubramanian , Tanuja Ganu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown strong performance in visual and audio understanding when evaluated in isolation. However, their ability to jointly reason over omni-modal (visual, audio, and textual) signals in long and…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant advances in visual understanding tasks. However, their capacity to comprehend human-centric scenes has rarely been explored, primarily due to the absence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Yuansen Liu , Haiming Tang , Jinlong Peng , Jiangning Zhang , Xiaozhong Ji , Qingdong He , Wenbin Wu , Donghao Luo , Zhenye Gan , Junwei Zhu , Yunhang Shen , Chaoyou Fu , Chengjie Wang , Xiaobin Hu , Shuicheng Yan

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable achievements, yet the generation of non-factual responses remains prevalent in fact-seeking question answering (QA). Current multimodal fact-seeking benchmarks primarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yanling Wang , Yihan Zhao , Xiaodong Chen , Shasha Guo , Lixin Liu , Haoyang Li , Yong Xiao , Jing Zhang , Qi Li , Ke Xu

Multimodal Large Language Models are primarily trained and evaluated on aligned image-text pairs, which leaves their ability to detect and resolve real-world inconsistencies largely unexplored. In open-domain applications visual and textual…

To advance the evaluation of multimodal math reasoning in large multimodal models (LMMs), this paper introduces a novel benchmark, MM-MATH. MM-MATH consists of 5,929 open-ended middle school math problems with visual contexts, with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Kai Sun , Yushi Bai , Ji Qi , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have experienced significant advancement in visual understanding and reasoning, their potential to serve as powerful, flexible, interpretable, and text-driven models for Image Quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Tianhe Wu , Kede Ma , Jie Liang , Yujiu Yang , Lei Zhang

We investigate a critical yet under-explored question in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs): Do LVLMs genuinely comprehend interleaved image-text in the document? Existing document understanding benchmarks often assess LVLMs using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Haolong Yan , Kaijun Tan , Yeqing Shen , Xin Huang , Zheng Ge , Xiangyu Zhang , Si Li , Daxin Jiang

Evaluating the nuanced human-centric video understanding capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) remains a great challenge, as existing benchmarks often overlook the intricacies of emotion, behavior, and cross-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Ting Zhou , Daoyuan Chen , Qirui Jiao , Bolin Ding , Yaliang Li , Ying Shen

IQ testing has served as a foundational methodology for evaluating human cognitive capabilities, deliberately decoupling assessment from linguistic background, language proficiency, or domain-specific knowledge to isolate core competencies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Huanqia Cai , Yijun Yang , Winston Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) hold significant potential for advancing fact-checking by leveraging their capabilities in reasoning, evidence retrieval, and explanation generation. However, existing benchmarks fail to comprehensively evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Shuo Yang , Yuqin Dai , Guoqing Wang , Xinran Zheng , Jinfeng Xu , Jinze Li , Zhenzhe Ying , Weiqiang Wang , Edith C. H. Ngai

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have substantially expanded the capabilities of multimodal retrieval, enabling systems to align and retrieve information across visual and textual modalities. Yet, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xuan Lu , Kangle Li , Haohang Huang , Rui Meng , Wenjun Zeng , Xiaoyu Shen

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in interpreting visual layouts and text. However, a significant challenge remains in their ability to interpret robustly and reason over multi-tabular data presented as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Anshul Singh , Chris Biemann , Jan Strich

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) suffer from significant performance degradation on the long document understanding task as document length increases. This stems from two fundamental challenges: 1) a low Signal-to-Noise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hao Yan , Yuliang Liu , Xingchen Liu , Yuyi Zhang , Minghui Liao , Jihao Wu , Wei Chen , Xiang Bai