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Simulating quantum physics with a device which itself is quantum mechanical, a notion Richard Feynman originated, would be an unparallelled computational resource. However, the universal quantum simulation of fermionic systems is daunting…

Numerical simulation is an important method for verifying the quantum circuits used to simulate low-energy nuclear states. However, real-world applications of quantum computing for nuclear theory often generate deep quantum circuits that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-06 Ang Li , Alessandro Baroni , Ionel Stetcu , Travis S. Humble

Most quantum algorithms designed to generate or probe properties of the ground state of a quantum many-body system require as input an initial state with a large overlap with the desired ground state. One approach for preparing such a…

Simulating many-body fermionic systems in conventional qubit-based quantum computers poses significant challenges due to the overheads associated with the encoding of fermionic statistics in qubits, leading to the proposal of native…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Ahana Ghoshal , Carlos de Gois , Kiara Hansenne , Otfried Gühne , Hai-Chau Nguyen

Simulating Markovian open quantum systems in the semiclassical regime poses a grand challenge for computational physics, as the highly oscillatory nature of the dynamics imposes prohibitive resolution requirements on traditional grid-based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-17 Limin Xu , Zhen Huang , Zhennan Zhou

The most efficient known quantum circuits for preparing unitary coupled cluster states and applying Trotter steps of the arbitrary basis electronic structure Hamiltonian involve interleaved sequences of fermionic Gaussian circuits and Ising…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-13 Nicholas C. Rubin , Joonho Lee , Ryan Babbush

Concordant computation is a circuit-based model of quantum computation for mixed states, that assumes that all correlations within the register are discord-free (i.e. the correlations are essentially classical) at every step of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-11 Hugo Cable , Daniel E. Browne

Quantum algorithms offer a dramatic speedup for computational problems in machine learning, material science, and chemistry. However, any near-term realizations of these algorithms will need to be heavily optimized to fit within the finite…

Matchgates and Clifford circuits are two types of quantum circuits which can be efficiently simulated classically, though the underlying reasons are quite different. Matchgates are essentially the single particle basis transformations in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Jiale Huang , Xiangjian Qian , Zhendong Li , Mingpu Qin

Quantum circuit simulation is paramount to the verification and optimization of quantum algorithms, and considerable research efforts have been made towards efficient simulators. While circuits often contain high-level gates such as oracles…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Adam Husted Kjelstrøm , Andreas Pavlogiannis , Jaco van de Pol

We prove classical simulation hardness, under the generalized $\mathsf{P}\neq\mathsf{NP}$ conjecture, for quantum circuit families with applications in near-term chemical ground state estimation. The proof exploits a connection to particle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Oskar Leimkuhler , K. Birgitta Whaley

We investigate the boundary between classical and quantum computational power. This work consists of two parts. First we develop new classical simulation algorithms that are centered on sampling methods. Using these techniques we generate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-20 M. Van den Nest

Highly entangled quantum states are an ingredient in numerous applications in quantum computing. However, preparing these highly entangled quantum states on currently available quantum computers at high fidelity is limited by ubiquitous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 Sebastian Brandhofer , Ilia Polian , Stefanie Barz , Daniel Bhatti

Here we present an efficient and numerically stable procedure for compressing a correlation matrix into a set of local unitary single-particle gates, which leads to a very efficient way of forming the matrix product state (MPS)…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-08-26 Matthew T. Fishman , Steven R. White

Fermionic Gaussian states are eigenstates of quadratic Hamiltonians and are widely used in quantum many-body problems. We propose a highly efficient algorithm that converts fermionic Gaussian states to matrix product states. It can be…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-06-03 Tong Liu , Ying-Hai Wu , Hong-Hao Tu , Tao Xiang

Gate model quantum computers with too many qubits to be simulated by available classical computers are about to arrive. We present a strategy for programming these devices without error correction or compilation. This means that the number…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-21 E. Farhi , J. Goldstone , S. Gutmann , H. Neven

Molecular quantum simulations with the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) rely on ansatz states that approximate the molecular ground states. These ansatz states are generally defined by parametrized fermionic excitation operators and an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 Yordan S. Yordanov , David R. M. Arvidsson-Shukur , Crispin H. W. Barnes

We propose efficient classical algorithms which (strongly) simulate the action of bosonic linear optics circuits applied to superpositions of Gaussian states. Our approach relies on an augmented covariance matrix formalism to keep track of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Beatriz Dias , Robert Koenig

Tensor network states and specifically matrix-product states have proven to be a powerful tool for simulating ground states of strongly correlated spin models. Recently, they have also been applied to interacting fermionic problems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-22 C. Krumnow , L. Veis , Ö. Legeza , J. Eisert

We present an extension of the Evolving density matrices on Qubits (E$\rho$OQ) framework that enables efficient fault-tolerant preparation of fermionic quantum states. The original method circumvents state preparation by stochastic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 Erik J. Gustafson , Henry Lamm