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Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been increasingly used to support various decision-making tasks, assisting humans in making informed decisions. However, when LLMs confidently provide incorrect information, it can lead humans to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Chaeyun Jang , Deukhwan Cho , Seanie Lee , Hyungi Lee , Juho Lee

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing (NLP), enabling diverse applications by integrating large-scale pre-trained knowledge. However, their static knowledge limits dynamic reasoning over external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Harshad Khadilkar , Abhay Gupta

Short answer assessment is a vital component of science education, allowing evaluation of students' complex three-dimensional understanding. Large language models (LLMs) that possess human-like ability in linguistic tasks are increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Yucheng Chu , Peng He , Hang Li , Haoyu Han , Kaiqi Yang , Yu Xue , Tingting Li , Joseph Krajcik , Jiliang Tang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as the standard paradigm for answering questions on enterprise data. Traditionally, RAG has centered on text-based semantic search and re-ranking. However, this approach falls short when…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Gurbinder Gill , Ritvik Gupta , Denis Lusson , Anand Chandrashekar , Donald Nguyen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has gained significant attention in recent years for its potential to enhance natural language understanding and generation by combining large-scale retrieval systems with generative models. RAG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Mingyue Cheng , Yucong Luo , Jie Ouyang , Qi Liu , Huijie Liu , Li Li , Shuo Yu , Bohou Zhang , Jiawei Cao , Jie Ma , Daoyu Wang , Enhong Chen

Text-to-SQL bridges the gap between natural language and structured database language, thus allowing non-technical users to easily query databases. Traditional approaches model text-to-SQL as a direct translation task, where a given Natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Anurag Tripathi , Vaibhav Patle , Abhinav Jain , Ayush Pundir , Sairam Menon , Ajeet Kumar Singh , Dorien Herremans

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) research has always been of paramount importance. It is important to find appropriate medical theoretical support for the needs from physicians or patients to reduce the occurrence of medical accidents. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Mengzhou Sun , Sendong Zhao , Jianyu Chen , Bin Qin

Text-to-SQL aims at generating SQL queries for the given natural language questions and thus helping users to query databases. Prompt learning with large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a recent approach, which designs prompts to lead…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Chunxi Guo , Zhiliang Tian , Jintao Tang , Shasha Li , Zhihua Wen , Kaixuan Wang , Ting Wang

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) holds a crucial role in clinical application. Given suitable medical articles, doctors effectively reduce the incidence of misdiagnoses. Researchers find it efficient to use large language models (LLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Mengzhou Sun , Sendong Zhao , Jianyu Chen , Haochun Wang , Bing Qin

Large language models (LLMs) with retrieval augmented-generation (RAG) have been the optimal choice for scalable generative AI solutions in the recent past. Although RAG implemented with AI agents (agentic-RAG) has been recently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Sohini Roychowdhury , Marko Krema , Anvar Mahammad , Brian Moore , Arijit Mukherjee , Punit Prakashchandra

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been shown to enhance the factual accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs), but existing methods often suffer from limited reasoning capabilities in effectively using the retrieved evidence,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Shayekh Bin Islam , Md Asib Rahman , K S M Tozammel Hossain , Enamul Hoque , Shafiq Joty , Md Rizwan Parvez

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) struggles with domain-specific enterprise datasets, often isolated behind firewalls and rich in complex, specialized terminology unseen by LLMs during pre-training. Semantic variability across domains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Kunal Sawarkar , Shivam R. Solanki , Abhilasha Mangal

Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models (LLMs), which incorporate the non-parametric knowledge from external knowledge bases into LLMs, have emerged as a promising approach to enhancing response accuracy in several tasks, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Soyeong Jeong , Jinheon Baek , Sukmin Cho , Sung Ju Hwang , Jong C. Park

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly recognized as valuable tools across the medical environment, supporting clinical, research, and administrative workflows. However, strict privacy and network security regulations in hospital…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Seokhwan Ko , Donghyeon Lee , Jaewoo Chun , Hyungsoo Han , Junghwan Cho

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP), particularly through Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), which enhances LLM capabilities by integrating external knowledge. However, traditional RAG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Nengbo Wang , Xiaotian Han , Jagdip Singh , Jing Ma , Vipin Chaudhary

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled the development of text-to-SQL models that allow clinicians to query structured data stored in Electronic Health Records (EHRs) using natural language. However, deploying these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Gyubok Lee , Woosog Chay , Edward Choi

Large language models (LLMs) in biomedicine face a fundamental conflict between static parameter knowledge and the dynamic nature of clinical evidence. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this by grounding generation in external…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-19 Jiawei He , Boya Zhang , Hossein Rouhizadeh , Yingjian Chen , Rui Yang , Jin Lu , Xudong Chen , Nan Liu , Douglas Teodoro

We present BioRAGent, an interactive web-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) system for biomedical question answering. The system uses large language models (LLMs) for query expansion, snippet extraction, and answer generation while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Samy Ateia , Udo Kruschwitz

Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) systems provide a method for factually grounding the responses of a Large Language Model (LLM) by providing retrieved evidence, or context, as support. Guided by this context, RAG systems can reduce…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Shakiba Amirshahi , Amin Bigdeli , Charles L. A. Clarke , Amira Ghenai

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has shown promising potential in knowledge intensive question answering (QA). However, existing approaches only consider the query itself, neither specifying the retrieval preferences for the retrievers…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhongwu Chen , Chengjin Xu , Dingmin Wang , Zhen Huang , Yong Dou , Xuhui Jiang , Jian Guo