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Formal methods provide very powerful tools and techniques for the design and analysis of complex systems. Their practical application remains however limited, due to the widely accepted belief that formal methods require extensive expertise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Jie He , Ezio Bartocci , Dejan Ničković , Haris Isakovic , Radu Grosu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of natural language processing tasks. However, temporal reasoning, particularly under complex temporal constraints, remains a major challenge. To this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Feng Liang , Weixin Zeng , Runhao Zhao , Xiang Zhao

Although deep neural networks have shown well-performance in various tasks, the poor interpretability of the models is always criticized. In the paper, we propose a new interpretable neural network method, by embedding neurons into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Wei Han , Yangqiming Wang , Christian Böhm , Junming Shao

This paper presents a neurosymbolic framework to solve motion planning problems for mobile robots involving temporal goals. The temporal goals are described using temporal logic formulas such as Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) to capture…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Xiaowu Sun , Yasser Shoukry

Our goal is to $\textit{efficiently}$ discover a compact set of temporal logic rules to explain irregular events of interest. We introduce a neural-symbolic rule induction framework within the temporal point process model. The negative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yang Yang , Chao Yang , Boyang Li , Yinghao Fu , Shuang Li

The question of what kinds of linguistic information are encoded in different layers of Transformer-based language models is of considerable interest for the NLP community. Existing work, however, has overwhelmingly focused on word-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Dmitry Nikolaev , Sebastian Padó

Deep neural networks (DNNs) excel on fixed datasets but struggle with incremental and shifting data in real-world scenarios. Continual learning addresses this challenge by allowing models to learn from new data while retaining previously…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Lu Yu , Zhe Tao , Dipam Goswami , Hantao Yao , Bartłomiej Twardowski , Joost Van de Weijer , Changsheng Xu

Combining abstract, symbolic reasoning with continuous neural reasoning is a grand challenge of representation learning. As a step in this direction, we propose a new architecture, called neural equivalence networks, for the problem of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Miltiadis Allamanis , Pankajan Chanthirasegaran , Pushmeet Kohli , Charles Sutton

The fundamental goal of self-supervised learning (SSL) is to produce useful representations of data without access to any labels for classifying the data. Modern methods in SSL, which form representations based on known or constructed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Bobak T. Kiani , Randall Balestriero , Yubei Chen , Seth Lloyd , Yann LeCun

In this paper, we propose a control synthesis method for signal temporal logic (STL) specifications with neural networks (NNs). Most of the previous works consider training a controller for only a given STL specification. These approaches,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-13 Wataru Hashimoto , Kazumune Hashimoto , Masako Kishida , Shigemasa Takai

Symbolic regression aims to discover human-interpretable equations that explain observational data. However, existing approaches rely heavily on discrete structure search (e.g., genetic programming), which often leads to high computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Fateme Memar , Tao Zhe , Dongjie Wang

Symbolic regression is a powerful technique that can discover analytical equations that describe data, which can lead to explainable models and generalizability outside of the training data set. In contrast, neural networks have achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Samuel Kim , Peter Y. Lu , Srijon Mukherjee , Michael Gilbert , Li Jing , Vladimir Čeperić , Marin Soljačić

Executing complex manipulation in cluttered environments requires satisfying coupled geometric and temporal constraints. Although Spatio-Temporal Logic (SpaTiaL) offers a principled specification framework, its use in gradient-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Licheng Luo , Kaier Liang , Cristian-Ioan Vasile , Mingyu Cai

Logic-based machine learning aims to learn general, interpretable knowledge in a data-efficient manner. However, labelled data must be specified in a structured logical form. To address this limitation, we propose a neural-symbolic learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Daniel Cunnington , Mark Law , Alessandra Russo , Jorge Lobo

Time series classification is a task of paramount importance, as this kind of data often arises in safety-critical applications. However, it is typically tackled with black-box deep learning methods, making it hard for humans to understand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Irene Ferfoglia , Simone Silvetti , Gaia Saveri , Laura Nenzi , Luca Bortolussi

We present a novel formalisation of tensor semantics for linear temporal logic on finite traces (LTLf), with formal proofs of correctness carried out in the theorem prover Isabelle/HOL. We demonstrate that this formalisation can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Mark Chevallier , Filip Smola , Richard Schmoetten , Jacques D. Fleuriot

In this paper, we propose a sequential neural encoder with latent structured description (SNELSD) for modeling sentences. This model introduces latent chunk-level representations into conventional sequential neural encoders, i.e., recurrent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-16 Yu-Ping Ruan , Qian Chen , Zhen-Hua Ling

Representation learning plays a central role in structuring internal embeddings to capture the statistical properties of language, influencing the coherence and contextual consistency of generated text. Statistical Coherence Alignment is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Jonathan Gale , Godfrey Aldington , Harriet Thistlewood , Thomas Tattershall , Basil Wentworth , Vincent Enoasmo

In this paper we propose a deep neural network model with an encoder-decoder architecture that translates images of math formulas into their LaTeX markup sequences. The encoder is a convolutional neural network (CNN) that transforms images…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Zelun Wang , Jyh-Charn Liu

Disentangling the encodings of neural models is a fundamental aspect for improving interpretability, semantic control and downstream task performance in Natural Language Processing. Currently, most disentanglement methods are unsupervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Danilo S. Carvalho , Giangiacomo Mercatali , Yingji Zhang , Andre Freitas