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Recent unified models integrate multimodal understanding and generation within a single framework. However, an "understanding-generation gap" persists, where models can capture user intent but often fail to translate this semantic knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Qingyang Liu , Bingjie Gao , Canmiao Fu , Zhipeng Huang , Chen Li , Feng Wang , Shuochen Chang , Shaobo Wang , Yali Wang , Keming Ye , Jiangtong Li , Li Niu

We present VARGPT, a novel multimodal large language model (MLLM) that unifies visual understanding and generation within a single autoregressive framework. VARGPT employs a next-token prediction paradigm for visual understanding and a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Xianwei Zhuang , Yuxin Xie , Yufan Deng , Liming Liang , Jinghan Ru , Yuguo Yin , Yuexian Zou

Visual tokenization remains a core challenge in unifying visual understanding and generation within the autoregressive paradigm. Existing methods typically employ tokenizers in discrete latent spaces to align with the tokens from large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Ziyuan Huang , DanDan Zheng , Cheng Zou , Rui Liu , Xiaolong Wang , Kaixiang Ji , Weilong Chai , Jianxin Sun , Libin Wang , Yongjie Lv , Taozhi Huang , Jiajia Liu , Qingpei Guo , Ming Yang , Jingdong Chen , Jun Zhou

We introduce UniToken, an auto-regressive generation model that encodes visual inputs through a combination of discrete and continuous representations, enabling seamless integration of unified visual understanding and image generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yang Jiao , Haibo Qiu , Zequn Jie , Shaoxiang Chen , Jingjing Chen , Lin Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Existed pre-training methods either focus on single-modal tasks or multi-modal tasks, and cannot effectively adapt to each other. They can only utilize single-modal data (i.e. text or image) or limited multi-modal data (i.e. image-text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Wei Li , Can Gao , Guocheng Niu , Xinyan Xiao , Hao Liu , Jiachen Liu , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

We present OneFlow, the first non-autoregressive multimodal model that enables variable-length and concurrent mixed-modal generation. Unlike autoregressive models that enforce rigid causal ordering between text and image generation, OneFlow…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-11 John Nguyen , Marton Havasi , Tariq Berrada , Luke Zettlemoyer , Ricky T. Q. Chen

We present Unified-IO 2, the first autoregressive multimodal model that is capable of understanding and generating image, text, audio, and action. To unify different modalities, we tokenize inputs and outputs -- images, text, audio, action,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Jiasen Lu , Christopher Clark , Sangho Lee , Zichen Zhang , Savya Khosla , Ryan Marten , Derek Hoiem , Aniruddha Kembhavi

The choice of input text prompt plays a critical role in the performance of Vision-Language Pretrained (VLP) models such as CLIP. We present APoLLo, a unified multi-modal approach that combines Adapter and Prompt learning for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Sanjoy Chowdhury , Sayan Nag , Dinesh Manocha

Autoregressive (AR) modeling has achieved remarkable success in natural language processing by enabling models to generate text with coherence and contextual understanding through next token prediction. Recently, in image generation, VAR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Sucheng Ren , Qihang Yu , Ju He , Xiaohui Shen , Alan Yuille , Liang-Chieh Chen

Multi-modal machine translation aims at translating the source sentence into a different language in the presence of the paired image. Previous work suggests that additional visual information only provides dispensable help to translation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Pengcheng Yang , Boxing Chen , Pei Zhang , Xu Sun

In this paper, we introduce Janus, an autoregressive framework that unifies multimodal understanding and generation. Prior research often relies on a single visual encoder for both tasks, such as Chameleon. However, due to the differing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Chengyue Wu , Xiaokang Chen , Zhiyu Wu , Yiyang Ma , Xingchao Liu , Zizheng Pan , Wen Liu , Zhenda Xie , Xingkai Yu , Chong Ruan , Ping Luo

Most existing vision-language pre-training methods focus on understanding tasks and use BERT-like objectives (masked language modeling and image-text matching) during pretraining. Although they perform well in many understanding downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Tianyi Liu , Zuxuan Wu , Wenhan Xiong , Jingjing Chen , Yu-Gang Jiang

In this work, we present VARGPT-v1.1, an advanced unified visual autoregressive model that builds upon our previous framework VARGPT. The model preserves the dual paradigm of next-token prediction for visual understanding and next-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Xianwei Zhuang , Yuxin Xie , Yufan Deng , Dongchao Yang , Liming Liang , Jinghan Ru , Yuguo Yin , Yuexian Zou

We present VINO, a unified visual generator that performs image and video generation and editing within a single framework. Instead of relying on task-specific models or independent modules for each modality, VINO uses a shared diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Junyi Chen , Tong He , Zhoujie Fu , Pengfei Wan , Kun Gai , Weicai Ye

Unified multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) that can both understand and generate visual content hold immense potential. However, existing open-source models often suffer from a performance trade-off between these capabilities. We…

Building models that can be rapidly adapted to novel tasks using only a handful of annotated examples is an open challenge for multimodal machine learning research. We introduce Flamingo, a family of Visual Language Models (VLM) with this…

Recent progress in large models has led to significant advances in unified multimodal generation and understanding. However, the development of models that unify motion-language generation and understanding remains largely underexplored.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Zekun Li , Sizhe An , Chengcheng Tang , Chuan Guo , Ivan Shugurov , Linguang Zhang , Amy Zhao , Srinath Sridhar , Lingling Tao , Abhay Mittal

We present Chameleon, a family of early-fusion token-based mixed-modal models capable of understanding and generating images and text in any arbitrary sequence. We outline a stable training approach from inception, an alignment recipe, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Chameleon Team

Unifying multimodal understanding and generation has shown impressive capabilities in cutting-edge proprietary systems. In this work, we introduce BAGEL, an open-source foundational model that natively supports multimodal understanding and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Chaorui Deng , Deyao Zhu , Kunchang Li , Chenhui Gou , Feng Li , Zeyu Wang , Shu Zhong , Weihao Yu , Xiaonan Nie , Ziang Song , Guang Shi , Haoqi Fan

Designing better machine translation systems by considering auxiliary inputs such as images has attracted much attention in recent years. While existing methods show promising performance over the conventional text-only translation systems,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Yi Li , Rameswar Panda , Yoon Kim , Chun-Fu Chen , Rogerio Feris , David Cox , Nuno Vasconcelos