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Tabular data is prevalent across diverse domains in machine learning. With the rapid progress of deep tabular prediction methods, especially pretrained (foundation) models, there is a growing need to evaluate these methods systematically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Han-Jia Ye , Si-Yang Liu , Hao-Run Cai , Qi-Le Zhou , De-Chuan Zhan

Diffusion-based generators set the current state of the art for synthetic tabular data. These methods approach but rarely exceed real-data utility, and closing this synthetic-real gap has so far been pursued exclusively at training time,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Eugenio Lomurno , Filippo Balzarini , Francesco Benelle , Francesca Pia Panaccione , Matteo Matteucci

Synthetic data is being used lately for training deep neural networks in computer vision applications such as object detection, object segmentation and 6D object pose estimation. Domain randomization hereby plays an important role in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Parth Rawal , Mrunal Sompura , Wolfgang Hintze

Tabular Foundation Models (TFMs) achieve state-of-the-art zero-shot accuracy on small tabular datasets by meta-learning over synthetic data-generating processes -- making them highly attractive for practitioners who cannot afford large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Laure Berti-Equille

Generative modelling is a demanding test of foundation models, because it requires robust, holistic representation learning for a given data modality, rather than optimisation for a supervised prediction target alone. While recent work on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xiangjian Jiang , Mingxuan Liu , Nikola Simidjievski , Tassilo Klein , Mateja Jamnik

The development of tabular foundation models (TFMs) has accelerated in recent years, showing strong potential to outperform traditional ML methods for structured data. A key finding is that TFMs can be pretrained entirely on synthetic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Matthew Peroni , Franck Le , Vadim Sheinin

Foundation models are an emerging research direction in tabular deep learning. Notably, TabPFNv2 recently claimed superior performance over traditional GBDT-based methods on small-scale datasets using an in-context learning paradigm, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Ivan Rubachev , Akim Kotelnikov , Nikolay Kartashev , Artem Babenko

With the advent of generative modeling techniques, synthetic data and its use has penetrated across various domains from unstructured data such as image, text to structured dataset modeling healthcare outcome, risk decisioning in financial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Aman Gupta , Deepak Bhatt , Anubha Pandey

Tabular foundation models are pre-trained on one of three classes of corpus: curated datasets drawn from benchmark repositories, tables harvested at scale from the web, or synthetic tables sampled from a parametric generative prior. Despite…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Alex O. Davies , Telmo de Menezes e Silva Filho , Nirav Ajmeri

The data-to-equation (Data2Eqn) task aims to discover interpretable mathematical equations that map observed values to labels, offering physical insights and broad applicability across academic and industrial domains. Genetic programming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Wangyang Ying , Haoyue Bai , Nanxu Gong , Xinyuan Wang , Sixun Dong , Haifeng Chen , Yanjie Fu

Deep learning in computer vision has achieved great success with the price of large-scale labeled training data. However, exhaustive data annotation is impracticable for each task of all domains of interest, due to high labor costs and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Hui Tang , Kui Jia

This work studies the problem of time series analysis with generalist (or foundation) models, which are models trained across many data domains. Drawing inspiration from the widespread success of large language models, we consider the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Sabera Talukder , Yisong Yue , Georgia Gkioxari

Tabular data prediction (TDP) is one of the most popular industrial applications, and various methods have been designed to improve the prediction performance. However, existing works mainly focus on feature interactions and ignore sample…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Xiawei Guo , Yuhan Quan , Huan Zhao , Quanming Yao , Yong Li , Weiwei Tu

Tabular data in relational databases represents a significant portion of industrial data. Hence, analyzing and interpreting tabular data is of utmost importance. Application tasks on tabular data are manifold and are often not specified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Astrid Franz , Frederik Hoppe , Marianne Michaelis , Udo Göbel

Among the biggest challenges we face in utilizing neural networks trained on waveform data (i.e., seismic, electromagnetic, or ultrasound) is its application to real data. The requirement for accurate labels forces us to develop solutions…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-09-14 Tariq Alkhalifah , Hanchen Wang , Oleg Ovcharenko

Embeddings are a powerful way to enrich data-driven machine learning models with the world knowledge of large language models (LLMs). Yet, there is limited evidence on how to design effective LLM-based embedding pipelines for tabular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Oksana Kolomenko , Ricardo Knauer , Erik Rodner

Machine learning has taken a critical role in seismic interpretation workflows, especially in fault delineation tasks. However, despite the recent proliferation of pretrained models and synthetic datasets, the field still lacks a systematic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jorge Quesada , Chen Zhou , Prithwijit Chowdhury , Mohammad Alotaibi , Ahmad Mustafa , Yusufjon Kumakov , Mohit Prabhushankar , Ghassan AlRegib

Tabular data synthesis for supervised learning ('SL') model training is gaining popularity in industries such as healthcare, finance, and retail. Despite the progress made in tabular data generators, models trained with synthetic data often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Tung Sum Thomas Kwok , Zeyong Zhang , Chi-Hua Wang , Guang Cheng

Tabular foundation models aim to learn universal representations of tabular data that transfer across tasks and domains, enabling applications such as table retrieval, semantic search and table-based prediction. Despite the growing number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Liane Vogel , Kavitha Srinivas , Niharika D'Souza , Sola Shirai , Oktie Hassanzadeh , Horst Samulowitz

Synthetic data has emerged as a cost-effective alternative to real data for training artificial neural networks (ANN). However, the disparity between synthetic and real data results in a domain gap. That gap leads to poor performance and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Paul Wachter , Lukas Niehaus , Julius Schöning