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Policymakers increasingly use development cost and compute as proxies for AI capabilities and risks. Recent laws have introduced regulatory requirements for models or developers that are contingent on specific thresholds. However, technical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Stephen Casper , Luke Bailey , Tim Schreier

The rise of artificial intelligence (A.I.) based systems is already offering substantial benefits to the society as a whole. However, these systems may also enclose potential conflicts and unintended consequences. Notably, people will tend…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Pedro Fernandes , Francisco C. Santos , Manuel Lopes

Recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI) marks a pivotal moment in human history. It presents the opportunity for machines to learn, adapt, and perform tasks that have the potential to assist people, from everyday activities to their…

General Economics · Economics 2024-02-02 Guy Ben-Ishai , Jeff Dean , James Manyika , Ruth Porat , Hal Varian , Kent Walker

This article examines the evolving landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) regulation in financial services, detailing the legal frameworks and compliance challenges posed by rapid technological adoption. By reviewing current legislation,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Shahmar Mirishli

Current AI systems are better than humans in some knowledge dimensions but weaker in others. Guided by the long-standing vision of machine intelligence inspired by the Turing Test, AI developers increasingly seek to eliminate this "jagged"…

General Economics · Economics 2026-01-21 Enrique Ide , Eduard Talamàs

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) systems have transformed various industries by autonomously generating content that mimics human creativity. However, concerns about their social and economic consequences arise with widespread…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Joao Tiago Aparicio , Manuela Aparicio , Sofia Aparicio , Carlos J. Costa

The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) poses new and poorly understood threats to financial stability. We use a game-theoretic model to analyse the stability impact of AI, finding that it amplifies existing financial system…

General Economics · Economics 2025-07-08 Jon Danielsson , Andreas Uthemann

The field of embodied AI (EAI) is rapidly advancing. Unlike virtual AI, EAI systems can exist in, learn from, reason about, and act in the physical world. With recent advances in AI models and hardware, EAI systems are becoming increasingly…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Jared Perlo , Alexander Robey , Fazl Barez , Luciano Floridi , Jakob Mökander

Technological advances of virtually every kind pose risks to society including fairness and bias. We review a long-standing wisdom that a widespread practical deployment of any technology may produce adverse side effects misusing the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Simon Kasif

The legislative process is the backbone of a state built on solid institutions. Yet, due to the complexity of laws -- particularly tax law -- policies may lead to inequality and social tensions. In this study, we introduce a novel prototype…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Peter Fratrič , Nils Holzenberger , David Restrepo Amariles

What looks like acceleration can be a quiet transfer of burden from the present to the future. Attempts to replace human labor with AI systems are often presented as rational responses to technological progress, but that view is often…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Wolfgang Rohde

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) may face a confrontation question: under what conditions would a rationally self-interested AGI choose to seize power or eliminate human control (a confrontation) rather than remain cooperative? We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Denis Saklakov

Artificial intelligence (AI) has moved to the center of policy, market, and academic debates, but its macroeconomic footprint is still only partly understood. This paper provides an overview on how the current AI wave is captured in US…

General Economics · Economics 2026-01-19 Luisa Carpinelli , Filippo Natoli , Marco Taboga

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) for quantitative trading have led to its general superhuman performance in significant trading performance. However, the potential risk of AI trading is a "black box" decision. Some AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Yun-Cheng Tsai , Fu-Min Szu , Jun-Hao Chen , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen

Agentic AI systems are increasingly being explored as production infrastructure: they reason over multiple steps, call tools, act through workflows, and adapt through memory and feedback. These systems create governance challenges that are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Muhammad Zia Hydari , Raja Iqbal , Narayan Ramasubbu

In this paper, we examine the wide-ranging impact of artificial intelligence on society, focusing on its potential to both help and harm global equity, cognitive abilities, and economic stability. We argue that while artificial intelligence…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-03-25 Guy Paić , Leonid Serkin

Creating systems that are aligned with our goals is seen as a leading approach to create safe and beneficial AI in both leading AI companies and the academic field of AI safety. We defend the view that misaligned AGI - future, generally…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Max Hellrigel-Holderbaum , Leonard Dung

Although AI systems are increasingly being leveraged to provide value to organizations, individuals, and society, significant attendant risks have been identified and have manifested. These risks have led to proposed regulations,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-06 David Piorkowski , Michael Hind , John Richards

This report examines Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the financial sector, outlining its potential to revolutionise the industry and identify its challenges. It underscores the criticality of a well-rounded understanding of AI, its…

Future advances in AI that automate away human labor may have stark implications for labor markets and inequality. This paper proposes a framework to analyze the effects of specific types of AI systems on the labor market, based on how much…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Katya Klinova , Anton Korinek