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Coherent gate errors are a concern in many proposed quantum computing architectures. These errors can be effectively handled through composite pulse sequences for single-qubit gates, however, such techniques are less feasible for entangling…

We consider quantum circuits composed of Clifford and T gates. In this context the T gate has a special status since it confers universal computation when added to the (classically simulable) Clifford gates. However it can be very expensive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-21 David Gosset , Vadym Kliuchnikov , Michele Mosca , Vincent Russo

Quantum error-correcting code for higher dimensional systems can, in general, be directly constructed from the codes for qubit systems. What remains unknown is whether there exist efficient code design techniques for higher dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-04 Ritajit Majumdar , Susmita Sur-Kolay

Quantum computers promise to solve problems that are intractable for classical computers, but qubits are vulnerable to many sources of error, limiting the depth of the circuits that can be reliably executed on today's quantum hardware.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-04 Daniel Honciuc Menendez , Annie Ray , Michael Vasmer

The color code has been invaluable for the development of the theory of fault-tolerant logic gates using transversal rotations. Three-dimensional examples of the color code have shown us how its structure, specifically the intersection of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Benjamin J. Brown

We present a 1D repetition code based on the so-called cat qubits as a viable approach toward hardware-efficient universal and fault-tolerant quantum computation. The cat qubits that are stabilized by a two-photon driven-dissipative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-18 Jérémie Guillaud , Mazyar Mirrahimi

Kliuchnikov, Maslov, and Mosca proved in 2012 that a $2\times 2$ unitary matrix $V$ can be exactly represented by a single-qubit Clifford+$T$ circuit if and only if the entries of $V$ belong to the ring $\mathbb{Z}[1/\sqrt{2},i]$. Later…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-08 Matthew Amy , Andrew N. Glaudell , Neil J. Ross

Error correcting codes with a universal set of transversal gates are a desideratum for quantum computing. Such codes, however, are ruled out by the Eastin-Knill theorem. Moreover, the theorem also rules out codes which are covariant with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-22 Yuxiang Yang , Yin Mo , Joseph M. Renes , Giulio Chiribella , Mischa P. Woods

Compared with a qubit, a qudit (i.e., $d$-level or $d$-state quantum system) provides a larger Hilbert space to store and process information. On the other hand, qudit-based hybrid quantum computing usually requires performing hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-30 Qi-Ping Su , Yu Zhang , Liang Bin , Chui-Ping Yang

We give an asymptotically good family of quantum CSS codes on qubits with a transversal CCZ gate, meaning that the parallel logical CCZ on all logical qubits is performed by parallel physical CCZs on (a subset of) physical qubits. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-15 Quynh T. Nguyen

In order for quantum computations to be done as efficiently as possible it is important to optimise the number of gates used in the underlying quantum circuits. In this paper we find that many gate optimisation problems for approximately…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 John van de Wetering , Matt Amy

Using transversal gates is a straightforward and efficient technique for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Since transversal gates alone cannot be computationally universal, they must be combined with other approaches such as magic state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-04 Eesa Nikahd , Mehdi Sedighi , Morteza Saheb Zamani

Fault-tolerant quantum computation allows quantum computations to be carried out while resisting unwanted noise. Several error-correcting codes have been developed to achieve this task, but none alone are capable of universal quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Nicholas J. C. Papadopoulos , Ramin Ayanzadeh

The group of transversal gates and the group of local symmetries are important features of quantum error correcting codes and pure quantum states, respectively; the former provides fault-tolerant operations on a code while the latter tells…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Ian Tan

Reversible circuits find applications in many areas of Computer Science including Quantum Computation. This paper examines the testability of an important subclass of reversible logic circuits that are composed of k-wire controlled NOT…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-09-28 Avik Chakraborty

Quantum computers are a revolutionary class of computational platforms with applications in combinatorial and global optimization, machine learning, and other domains involving computationally hard problems. While these machines typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Aditya Sodhani , Keshab K. Parhi

The construction of a quantum computer remains a fundamental scientific and technological challenge, in particular due to unavoidable noise. Quantum states and operations can be protected from errors using protocols for fault-tolerant…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is believed to be essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computers. However, due to the complexity of operating on the encoded `logical' qubits, understanding the physical principles for building…

Resource-efficient and high-precision approximate synthesis of quantum circuits expressed in the Clifford+T gate set is vital for Fault-Tolerant quantum computing. Efficient optimal methods are known for single-qubit RZ unitaries, otherwise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Mathias Weiden , Justin Kalloor , John Kubiatowicz , Ed Younis , Costin Iancu

Fault-tolerant logical entangling gates are essential for scalable quantum computing, but are limited by the error rates and overheads of physical two-qubit gates and measurements. To address this limitation, we introduce phantom…

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