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This paper presents an improved implicit sampling method for hierarchical Bayesian inverse problems. A widely used approach for sampling posterior distribution is based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). However, the samples generated by…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-11-27 Xiaoyan Song , Lijian Jiang , Guanghui Zheng

We introduce a Bayesian solution to the problem of inferring the density profile of strong gravitational lenses when the lens galaxy may contain multiple dark or faint substructures. The source and lens models are based on a superposition…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-12 Brendon J. Brewer , David Huijser , Geraint F. Lewis

The ability to obtain reliable point estimates of model parameters is of crucial importance in many fields of physics. This is often a difficult task given that the observed data can have a very high number of dimensions. In order to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-15 Janis Fluri , Aurelien Lucchi , Tomasz Kacprzak , Alexandre Refregier , Thomas Hofmann

Diffusion generative models have excelled at diverse image generation and reconstruction tasks across fields. A less explored avenue is their application to discriminative tasks involving regression or classification problems. The…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-26 Nayantara Mudur , Carolina Cuesta-Lazaro , Douglas P. Finkbeiner

Although linear regression models are fundamental tools in statistical science, the estimation results can be sensitive to outliers. While several robust methods have been proposed in frequentist frameworks, statistical inference is not…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-15 Shintaro Hashimoto , Shonosuke Sugasawa

Geophysical inverse problems are often ill-posed and admit multiple solutions. Conventional discriminative methods typically yield a single deterministic solution, which fails to model the posterior distribution, cannot generate diverse…

Posterior sampling in high-dimensional spaces using generative models holds significant promise for various applications, including but not limited to inverse problems and guided generation tasks. Despite many recent developments,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-04 Vishal Purohit , Matthew Repasky , Jianfeng Lu , Qiang Qiu , Yao Xie , Xiuyuan Cheng

The Planck satellite, along with several ground based telescopes, have mapped the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at sufficient resolution and signal-to-noise so as to allow a detection of the subtle distortions due to the gravitational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-06 Ethan Anderes , Benjamin Wandelt , Guilhem Lavaux

The Hubble Tension is a well-known issue in modern cosmology that refers to the apparent disagreement in inferences of the Hubble constant $H_0$ as found through low-redshift observations and those derived from the $\Lambda$CDM model…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-22 Joshua Ange , Joel Meyers

We develop a novel statistical strong lensing approach to probe the cosmological parameters by exploiting multiple redshift image systems behind galaxies or galaxy clusters. The method relies on free-form mass inversion of strong lenses and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 M. Lubini , M. Sereno , J. Coles , Ph. Jetzer , P. Saha

We advocate for a new paradigm of cosmological likelihood-based inference, leveraging recent developments in machine learning and its underlying technology, to accelerate Bayesian inference in high-dimensional settings. Specifically, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-06 Davide Piras , Alicja Polanska , Alessio Spurio Mancini , Matthew A. Price , Jason D. McEwen

Denoising Diffusion Models (DDMs) have become a popular tool for generating high-quality samples from complex data distributions. These models are able to capture sophisticated patterns and structures in the data, and can generate samples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Emanuele Aiello , Diego Valsesia , Enrico Magli

Diffusion models (DMs) have proven to be effective in modeling high-dimensional distributions, leading to their widespread adoption for representing complex priors in Bayesian inverse problems (BIPs). However, current DM-based posterior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Haoxuan Chen , Yinuo Ren , Martin Renqiang Min , Lexing Ying , Zachary Izzo

Diffusion models have been recently studied as powerful generative inverse problem solvers, owing to their high quality reconstructions and the ease of combining existing iterative solvers. However, most works focus on solving simple linear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-06 Hyungjin Chung , Jeongsol Kim , Michael T. Mccann , Marc L. Klasky , Jong Chul Ye

Diffusion models have been widely studied as effective generative tools for solving inverse problems. The main ideas focus on performing the reverse sampling process conditioned on noisy measurements, using well-established numerical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Xiang Cao , Xiaoqun Zhang

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) stands as a pivotal source for studying weak gravitational lensing. While the lensed CMB aids in constraining cosmological parameters, it simultaneously smooths the original CMB's features. The angular…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-17 Shulei Ni , Yichao Li , Xin Zhang

Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) has been a cornerstone in many cosmology experiments and studies since it was discovered back in 1964. Traditional computational models like CAMB that are used for generating CMB temperature anisotropy maps…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-02 Amit Mishra , Pranath Reddy , Rahul Nigam

Computer vision is hard because of a large variability in lighting, shape, and texture; in addition the image signal is non-additive due to occlusion. Generative models promised to account for this variability by accurately modelling the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-03-10 Varun Jampani , Sebastian Nowozin , Matthew Loper , Peter V. Gehler

With the rapid development of diffusion models and flow-based generative models, there has been a surge of interests in solving noisy linear inverse problems, e.g., super-resolution, deblurring, denoising, colorization, etc, with generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Xiangming Meng , Yoshiyuki Kabashima

We present a class of diffusion-based algorithms to draw samples from high-dimensional probability distributions given their unnormalized densities. Ideally, our methods can transport samples from a Gaussian distribution to a specified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Anand Jerry George , Nicolas Macris