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Large Language Models(LLMs) are increasingly explored for cybersecurity applications such as vulnerability detection. In the domain of threat modelling, prior work has primarily evaluated a number of general-purpose Large Language Models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Saba Pourhanifeh , AbdulAziz AbdulGhaffar , Ashraf Matrawy

Scientific and engineering verticals often suffer from data scarcity and strict executability requirements: models must generate not only fluent text, but also syntactically valid, tool-compilable scripts. We present a schema-first…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Di Wang , Zhenhua Wu , Yu Liu , Kai Chang , Shaohua Wu

Recent advancements in the field of natural language generation have facilitated the use of large language models to assess the quality of generated text. Although these models have shown promising results in tasks such as machine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Terry Yue Zhuo

LLMs have achieved strong results on both function-level code synthesis and repository-level code modification, yet a capability that falls between these two extremes -- compositional code creation, i.e., building a complete, internally…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Yeheng Chen , Chaoxiang Xie , Yuling Shi , Wenhao Zeng , Yongpan Wang , Hongyu Zhang , Xiaodong Gu

We present four main contributions to enhance the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in generating domain-specific code: (i) utilizing LLM-based data splitting and data renovation techniques to improve the semantic representation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Yu-Chen Lin , Akhilesh Kumar , Norman Chang , Wenliang Zhang , Muhammad Zakir , Rucha Apte , Haiyang He , Chao Wang , Jyh-Shing Roger Jang

Implementing new features in repository-level codebases is a crucial application of code generation models. However, current benchmarks lack a dedicated evaluation framework for this capability. To fill this gap, we introduce FEA-Bench, a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Wei Li , Xin Zhang , Zhongxin Guo , Shaoguang Mao , Wen Luo , Guangyue Peng , Yangyu Huang , Houfeng Wang , Scarlett Li

Large pretrained language models (LLMs) can be rapidly adapted to a wide variety of tasks via a text-to-text approach, where the instruction and input are fed to the model in natural language. Combined with in-context learning (ICL), this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Marc-Etienne Brunet , Ashton Anderson , Richard Zemel

The escalating data scale in High-Energy Physics (HEP) fuels a growing aspiration for higher analytical efficiency. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a path toward automation via agentic AI, they struggle with complex scientific…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2026-05-05 Junkun Jiao , Tong Liu , Ke Li , Weimin Song , Yipu Liao , Bolun Zhang , Beijiang Liu , Chang-Zheng Yuan , Yue Sun

Since the introduction of Large Language Models (LLMs), they have been widely adopted for various tasks such as text summarization, question answering, speech-to-text translation, and more. In recent times, the use of LLMs for code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Krishna Vamshi Bodla , Haizhao Yang

Instruction tuning is a pivotal technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, safety constraints, and domain-specific requirements. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the full pipeline,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Xudong Han , Junjie Yang , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Junfeng Hao , Junhao Song

Emotional Intelligence (EI) is a critical yet underexplored dimension in the development of human-aligned LLMs. To address this gap, we introduce a unified, psychologically grounded four-layer taxonomy of EI tailored for large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Nizi Nazar , Ehsaneddin Asgari

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance in natural language processing tasks. However, in the field of recommender systems, due to the inherent structural discrepancy between user behavior data and natural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Zekun Liu , Xiaowen Huang , Jitao Sang

The effective assessment of the instruction-following ability of large language models (LLMs) is of paramount importance. A model that cannot adhere to human instructions might be not able to provide reliable and helpful responses. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Yimin Jing , Renren Jin , Jiahao Hu , Huishi Qiu , Xiaohua Wang , Peng Wang , Deyi Xiong

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to real-world code generation, where functional correctness alone is insufficient for reliable deployment, developers also expect adherence to explicit requirements for robustness,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Sravani Gunnu , Shanmukha Guttula , Hima Patel

Few-shot unsupervised domain adaptation (FS-UDA) leverages a limited amount of labeled data from a source domain to enable accurate classification in an unlabeled target domain. Despite recent advancements, current approaches of FS-UDA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Wanqi Yang , Haoran Wang , Lei Wang , Ge Song , Ming Yang , Yang Gao

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive in-context learning (ICL) capabilities, yet the quality of their predictions is fundamentally limited by the few costly labeled demonstrations that can fit into a prompt. Meanwhile, there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Renpu Liu , Jing Yang

Scripts - standardized event sequences describing typical everyday activities - have been shown to help understand narratives by providing expectations, resolving ambiguity, and filling in unstated information. However, to date they have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Keisuke Sakaguchi , Chandra Bhagavatula , Ronan Le Bras , Niket Tandon , Peter Clark , Yejin Choi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular for generating RTL code. However, producing error-free RTL code in a zero-shot setting remains highly challenging for even state-of-the-art LLMs, often leading to issues that…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Mubashir ul Islam , Humza Sami , Pierre-Emmanuel Gaillardon , Valerio Tenace

The rapid advancements in LLMs have driven the adoption of generative AI in various domains, including Electronic Design Automation (EDA). Unlike traditional software development, EDA presents unique challenges, as generated RTL code must…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success through imitation learning on vast text corpora, but this paradigm creates a training-generation gap and limits robust reasoning. Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zhepeng Cen , Haolin Chen , Shiyu Wang , Zuxin Liu , Zhiwei Liu , Jielin Qiu , Ding Zhao , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong , Huan Wang , Weiran Yao