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The automation of scientific discovery represents a critical milestone in Artificial Intelligence (AI) research. However, existing agentic systems for science suffer from two fundamental limitations: rigid, pre-programmed workflows that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ed Li , Junyu Ren , Xintian Pan , Cat Yan , Chuanhao Li , Dirk Bergemann , Zhuoran Yang

Large language model agents increasingly rely on skill libraries for multi-step tasks, yet these libraries can accumulate persistent defects as skills are added, reused, patched, and linked to changing dependencies. We call this failure…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Hongji Pu , Xinyuan Song , Liang Zhao

As Augmented Reality (AR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) continue to converge, new opportunities emerge for AI agents to actively support human collaboration in immersive environments. While prior research has primarily focused on dyadic…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Mariana Fernandez-Espinosa , Diego Gomez-Zara

We present Agent Lightning, a flexible and extensible framework that enables Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based training of Large Language Models (LLMs) for any AI agent. Unlike existing methods that tightly couple RL training with agent or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Xufang Luo , Yuge Zhang , Zhiyuan He , Zilong Wang , Siyun Zhao , Dongsheng Li , Luna K. Qiu , Yuqing Yang

As more and more AI agents are used in practice, it is time to think about how to make these agents fully autonomous so that they can (1) learn by themselves continually in a self-motivated and self-initiated manner rather than being…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Bing Liu , Sahisnu Mazumder , Eric Robertson , Scott Grigsby

Agent Skills have become a practical way to extend LLM agents by packaging metadata, natural-language instructions, and executable resources into reusable capability bundles. However, this growing Skill ecosystem introduces a new compliance…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Jiangrong Wu , Yuhong Nan , Yixi Lin , Huaijin Wang , Yuming Xiao , Shuai Wang , Zibin Zheng

Agent skills, structured packages of procedural knowledge and executable resources that agents dynamically load at inference time, have become a reliable mechanism for augmenting LLM agents. Yet inference-time skill augmentation is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Zhengxi Lu , Zhiyuan Yao , Jinyang Wu , Chengcheng Han , Qi Gu , Xunliang Cai , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang , Yongliang Shen

The emergence of Agentic AI is fundamentally transforming how software is designed, developed, and maintained. Traditional software development methodologies such as Agile, Kanban, ShapeUp, etc, were originally designed for human-centric…

Individual agent capabilities have advanced rapidly through modular skills and tool integrations, yet multi-agent systems remain constrained by fixed team structures, tightly coupled coordination logic, and session-bound learning. We argue…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Zhengxu Yu , Yu Fu , Zhiyuan He , Yuxuan Huang , Lee Ka Yiu , Meng Fang , Weilin Luo , Jun Wang

While reinforcement learning (RL) can empower autonomous agents by enabling self-improvement through interaction, its practical adoption remains challenging due to costly rollouts, limited task diversity, unreliable reward signals, and…

Evaluating AI agents on comprehensive benchmarks is expensive because each evaluation requires interactive rollouts with tool use and multi-step reasoning. We study whether small task subsets can preserve agent rankings at substantially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Franck Ndzomga

Effective tool use is essential for agentic AI, yet training agents to utilize tools remains challenging due to manually designed rewards, limited training data, and poor multi-tool selection, resulting in slow adaptation, wasted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Quy Minh Le , Minh Sao Khue Luu , Khanh-Tung Tran , Duc-Hai Nguyen , Hoang-Quoc-Viet Pham , Quan Le , Hoang Thanh Lam , Hoang D. Nguyen

Imitation learning field requires expert data to train agents in a task. Most often, this learning approach suffers from the absence of available data, which results in techniques being tested on its dataset. Creating datasets is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Nathan Gavenski , Michael Luck , Odinaldo Rodrigues

The high-performance generative artificial intelligence (GAI) represents the latest evolution of computational intelligence, while the blessing of future 6G networks also makes edge intelligence (EI) full of development potential. The…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Ning Chen , Zhipeng Cheng , Xuwei Fan , Xiaoyu Xia , Lianfen Huang

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools are rapidly adopted in the workplace and in education, yet the empirical evidence on AI's impact remains mixed. We propose a model of human-AI interaction to better understand and analyze…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Ali Aouad , Thodoris Lykouris , Huiying Zhong

The rapid proliferation of large language models (LLMs) and agentic AI systems has created an unprecedented abundance of automatically generated code, challenging the traditional software engineering paradigm centered on manual authorship.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Mamdouh Alenezi

As full AI-based automation remains out of reach in most real-world applications, the focus has instead shifted to leveraging the strengths of both human and AI agents, creating effective collaborative systems. The rapid advances in this…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Steffen Holter , Mennatallah El-Assady

The rapid scaling of deep neural networks and large language models has collapsed the once-clear divide between "research" and "engineering" in AI organizations. Drawing on a qualitative synthesis of public job descriptions, hiring…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Deepak Babu Piskala

The rapid development of interactive and autonomous AI systems signals our entry into the agentic era. Training and evaluating agents on complex agentic tasks such as software engineering and computer use requires not only efficient model…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Lei Zhang , Mouxiang Chen , Ruisheng Cao , Jiawei Chen , Fan Zhou , Yiheng Xu , Jiaxi Yang , Zeyao Ma , Liang Chen , Changwei Luo , Kai Zhang , Fan Yan , KaShun Shum , Jiajun Zhang , Zeyu Cui , Feng Hu , Junyang Lin , Binyuan Hui , Min Yang

The transition from monolithic large language models (LLMs) to modular, skill-equipped agents represents a fundamental architectural shift in artificial intelligence deployment. While general-purpose models demonstrate remarkable breadth in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Shuzhen Bi , Mengsong Wu , Hao Hao , Keqian Li , Wentao Liu , Siyu Song , Hongbo Zhao , Aimin Zhou