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We investigate nonlinear regression for nonstationary sequential data. In most real-life applications such as business domains including finance, retail, energy and economy, timeseries data exhibits nonstationarity due to the temporally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Fatih Ilhan , Oguzhan Karaahmetoglu , Ismail Balaban , Suleyman Serdar Kozat

The partially observable hidden Markov model is an extension of the hidden Markov Model in which the hidden state is conditioned on an independent Markov chain. This structure is motivated by the presence of discrete metadata, such as an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-21 John V. Monaco , Charles C. Tappert

We propose a distributionally robust data-driven predictive control framework for stochastic linear time-invariant systems with unknown dynamics and disturbance distributions. We use an offline trajectory to fit the subspace predictive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-11 Mirhan Urkmez , Shahab Heshmati-Alamdari

Sequential decisions in volatile, high-stakes settings require more than maximizing expected return; they require principled uncertainty management. This paper presents the Uncertainty-Aware Markov Decision Process (UAMDP), a unified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Michal Koren , Or Peretz , Tai Dinh , Philip S. Yu

Time series subject to change in regime have attracted much interest in domains such as econometry, finance or meteorology. For discrete-valued regimes, some models such as the popular Hidden Markov Chain (HMC) describe time series whose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Fatoumata Dama , Christine Sinoquet

We study the problem of policy optimization for infinite-horizon discounted Markov Decision Processes with softmax policy and nonlinear function approximation trained with policy gradient algorithms. We concentrate on the training dynamics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Andrea Agazzi , Jianfeng Lu

This work proposes a unifying probabilistic framework for the design of robustly asymptotically stable moving-horizon estimators (MHE) for discrete-time nonlinear systems, and a mechanism to incorporate differential privacy in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-12-20 Vishaal Krishnan , Sonia Martínez

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) performs coarse-grained credit assignment in reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) by assigning the same advantage to all tokens in a rollout. Process reward models can provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Xinzhu Chen , Wei He , Huichuan Fan , Wenzhe Niu , Zhongxiang Sun , Xuanru Wang , Jiuchong Gao , Jinghua Hao , Renqing He , Weijie Yu

We propose sequential Monte Carlo based algorithms for maximum likelihood estimation of the static parameters in hidden Markov models with an intractable likelihood using ideas from approximate Bayesian computation. The static parameter…

Computation · Statistics 2013-11-19 Sinan Yildirim , Sumeetpal Singh , Thomas Dean , Ajay Jasra

This paper addresses the challenge of model uncertainty in quantitative finance, where decisions in portfolio allocation, derivative pricing, and risk management rely on estimating stochastic models from limited data. In practice, the…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-06-10 Hans Buehler , Blanka Horvath , Yannick Limmer , Thorsten Schmidt

Continuous-time state-space models (SSMs) are flexible tools for analysing irregularly sampled sequential observations that are driven by an underlying state process. Corresponding applications typically involve restrictive assumptions…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-29 Sina Mews , Roland Langrock , Marius Ötting , Houda Yaqine , Jost Reinecke

This work integrates Bayesian regime detection with conditional neural processes for 24-hour electricity price prediction in the German market. Our methodology integrates regime detection using a disentangled sticky hierarchical Dirichlet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Abhinav Das , Stephan Schlüter

Graphs are playing a crucial role in different fields since they are powerful tools to unveil intrinsic relationships among signals. In many scenarios, an accurate graph structure representing signals is not available at all and that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Xiang Zhang , Yinfei Xu , Qinghe Liu , Zhicheng Liu , Jian Lu , Qiao Wang

This paper addresses a novel \emph{cost-sensitive} distributionally robust log-optimal portfolio problem, where the investor faces \emph{ambiguous} return distributions, and a general convex transaction cost model is incorporated. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-01 Chung-Han Hsieh , Xiao-Rou Yu

A regularized vector autoregressive hidden semi-Markov model is developed to analyze multivariate financial time series with switching data generating regimes. Furthermore, an augmented EM algorithm is proposed for parameter estimation by…

Applications · Statistics 2021-05-19 Zekun Xu , Ye Liu

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are powerful tools for analysing time series data that depend on discrete underlying but unobserved states. As such, they have gained prominence across numerous empirical disciplines, in particular ecology,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-19 Jan-Ole Fischer

Modeling real-world systems requires accounting for noise - whether it arises from unpredictable fluctuations in financial markets, irregular rhythms in biological systems, or environmental variability in ecosystems. While the behavior of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Matteo Bosso , Giovanni Franzese , Kushal Swamy , Maarten Theulings , Alejandro M. Aragón , Farbod Alijani

In a real life process evolving over time, the relationship between its relevant variables may change. Therefore, it is advantageous to have different inference models for each state of the process. Asymmetric hidden Markov models fulfil…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Carlos Puerto-Santana , Pedro Larrañaga , Concha Bielza

The paper studies the robustness properties of discrete-time stochastic optimal control under Wasserstein model approximation for both discounted-cost and average-cost criteria. Specifically, we study the performance loss when applying an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Yichen Zhou , Yanglei Song , Serdar Yüksel

Reinforcement learning can provide effective reasoning for sequential decision-making problems with variable dynamics. Such reasoning in practical implementation, however, poses a persistent challenge in interpreting the reward function and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yanran Wang , Qiuchen Qian , David Boyle