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Long-range tasks demand reasoning over long inputs. However, existing solutions are limited, e.g., long-context models require large compute budgets, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) needs training data, and retrieval-augmented…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Dulhan Jayalath , James Bradley Wendt , Nicholas Monath , Sandeep Tata , Beliz Gunel

Vision-language models (VLMs) are essential to Embodied AI, enabling robots to perceive, reason, and act in complex environments. They also serve as the foundation for the recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models. Yet most evaluations of…

Large language models (LLM) in natural language processing (NLP) have demonstrated great potential for in-context learning (ICL) -- the ability to leverage a few sets of example prompts to adapt to various tasks without having to explicitly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Trevine Oorloff , Vishwanath Sindagi , Wele Gedara Chaminda Bandara , Ali Shafahi , Amin Ghiasi , Charan Prakash , Reza Ardekani

Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes settings where reliable uncertainty quantification (UQ) is as important as predictive accuracy. Extended reasoning via chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Robert Welch , Emir Konuk , Kevin Smith

Situational awareness applications rely heavily on real-time processing of visual and textual data to provide actionable insights. Vision language models (VLMs) have become essential tools for interpreting complex environments by connecting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Md Azim Khan , Aryya Gangopadhyay , Jianwu Wang , Robert F. Erbacher

Vision-language models (VLMs) achieve remarkable success in single-image tasks. However, real-world scenarios often involve intricate multi-image inputs, leading to a notable performance decline as models struggle to disentangle critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Juntian Zhang , Chuanqi cheng , Yuhan Liu , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Rui Yan

Video Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capability of understanding the video semantics on various downstream tasks. Despite the advancements, there is still a lack of systematic research on visual context…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Yifan Du , Yuqi Huo , Kun Zhou , Zijia Zhao , Haoyu Lu , Han Huang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Bingning Wang , Weipeng Chen , Ji-Rong Wen

Vision-language models (VLMs) have significantly improved the generalization capabilities of robotic manipulation. However, VLM-based systems often suffer from a lack of robustness, leading to unpredictable errors, particularly in scenarios…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yayun He , Zuheng Kang , Botao Zhao , Zhouyin Wu , Junqing Peng , Jianzong Wang

Context, as referred to situational factors related to the object of interest, can help infer the object's states or properties in visual recognition. As such contextual features are too diverse (across instances) to be annotated, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Mingzhou Liu , Xinwei Sun , Fandong Zhang , Yizhou Yu , Yizhou Wang

Large Language Model (LLM)-based Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have substantially extended the boundaries of visual understanding capabilities. However, their high computational demands hinder deployment on resource-constrained edge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Haotong Qin , Cheng Hu , Michele Magno

Despite recent advances demonstrating vision-language models' (VLMs) abilities to describe complex relationships in images using natural language, their capability to quantitatively reason about object sizes and distances remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Yuan-Hong Liao , Rafid Mahmood , Sanja Fidler , David Acuna

Humans have a natural ability to perform semantic associations with the surrounding objects in the environment. This allows them to create a mental map of the environment, allowing them to navigate on-demand when given linguistic…

A reliable driving assistant should provide consistent responses based on temporally grounded reasoning derived from observed information. In this work, we investigate whether Vision-Language Models (VLMs), when applied as driving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Chun-Peng Chang , Chen-Yu Wang , Holger Caesar , Alain Pagani

Vision-language models (VLMs) excel at image-text retrieval yet persistently fail at compositional reasoning, distinguishing captions that share the same words but differ in relational structure. We present, a unified evaluation and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Amartya Bhattacharya

In-context imitation learning enables robots to adapt to new tasks from a small number of demonstrations without additional training. However, existing approaches typically condition only on state-action trajectories and lack explicit…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Toan Nguyen , Weiduo Yuan , Songlin Wei , Hui Li , Daniel Seita , Yue Wang

Cognitive control, the ability to coordinate competing information sources in pursuit of goals, is fundamental to intelligent behavior. We systematically investigate whether Vision Language Models (VLMs) exhibit cognitive control and how…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Bingyang Wang , Yijiang Li , Yitong Qiao , Maijunxian Wang , Tianwei Zhao , Yucheng Sun , Binyue Deng , Hokin Deng , Nuno Vasconcelos , Dezhi Luo

As the real propagation environment becomes in creasingly complex and dynamic, millimeter wave beam prediction faces huge challenges. However, the powerful cross modal representation capability of vision-language model (VLM) provides a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-18 Ji Wang , Bin Tang , Jian Xiao , Qimei Cui , Xingwang Li , Tony Q. S. Quek

Benchmark accuracy is often implicitly assumed to reflect grounded visual understanding in vision-language models (VLMs), yet it remains unclear to what extent such scores truly reflect reliance on visual evidence. Motivated by a surprising…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Zixuan Lan , Luzhe Sun , Matthew R. Walter , Jiawei Zhou

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are expensive because the LLM processes hundreds of largely redundant visual tokens. Existing token reduction methods typically exploit \textit{either} vision-encoder saliency (broad but query-agnostic)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Dhruv Parikh , Haoyang Fan , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

We introduce Lossless Context Management (LCM), a deterministic architecture for LLM memory that outperforms Claude Code on long-context tasks. When benchmarked using Opus 4.6, our LCM-augmented coding agent, Volt, achieves higher scores…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Clint Ehrlich , Theodore Blackman