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We study the mass function of primordial black holes (PBHs) within the excursion-set theory, in which the response of the stochastic density contrast to the variation of the coarse-graining scale is described by colored noises. For several…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-22 Hayami Iizuka , Daiki Saito , Koki Tokeshi

The excursion-set formalism enables us to infer the mass distribution of collapsed objects, such as primordial black holes (PBHs), by the language of stochastic processes. Within the framework, this article investigates how a smooth…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-27 Daiki Saito , Koki Tokeshi

We study primordial black holes (PBHs) formation in the excursion set theory (EST) in a vast range of PBHs masses with and without confirmed constraints on their abundance. In this work, we introduce a new concept of the first touch in the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-26 Encieh Erfani , Hamed Kameli , Shant Baghram

Using an excursion-set approach, we revisit the initial spatial clustering of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) originating from the Hubble re-entry of large Gaussian density fluctuations in the early universe. We derive the two-point…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-25 Pierre Auclair , Baptiste Blachier

The abundance and mass function of primordial black holes (PBHs) are often estimated using the Press-Schechter (PS) formalism. In the case of halo formation, the PS formalism suffers from the miscounting of regions collapsing into halos,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-09 Ashu Kushwaha , Teruaki Suyama

The excursion set theory, where density perturbations evolve stochastically with the smoothing scale, provides a method for computing the dark matter halo mass function. The computation of the mass function is mapped into the so-called…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-01-05 Andrea De Simone , Michele Maggiore , Antonio Riotto

The Excursion Set approach has been used to make predictions for a number of interesting quantities in studies of nonlinear hierarchical clustering. These include the halo mass function, halo merger rates, halo formation times and masses,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-02-23 Aseem Paranjape , Tsz Yan Lam , Ravi K. Sheth

Primordial black holes (PBHs) may form in the early universe when pre-existing adiabatic density fluctuations enter into the cosmological horizon and recollapse. It has been suggested that PBH formation may be facilitated when fluctuations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 K. Jedamzik , J. C. Niemeyer

We describe a simple fully analytic model of the excursion set approach associated with two Gaussian random walks: the first walk represents the initial overdensity around a protohalo, and the second is a crude way of allowing for other…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Emanuele Castorina , Ravi K. Sheth

We review the formalism of primordial black holes (PBHs) production and show that the mass variance at horizon crossing has been systematically overestimated in previous studies. We derive the correct expression. The difference is maximal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Torsten Bringmann , Claus Kiefer , David Polarski

We investigate the clustering of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) within the framework of Excursion Set Theory (EST). The EST formalism is extended to compute the joint probability of forming PBH pairs within a clustering distance, based on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-05 Hamed Kameli , Encieh Erfani

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form during radiation domination from rare primordial perturbations that re-enter the Hubble radius and undergo gravitational collapse. We derive PBH mass distributions using Press--Schechter theory…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-30 Owais Farooq , Romana Zahoor , Balungi Francis

The excursion set approach provides a framework for predicting how the abundance of dark matter halos depends on the initial conditions. A key ingredient of this formalism comes from the physics of halo formation: the specification of a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-12 I. Achitouv , Y. Rasera , R. K. Sheth , P. S. Corasaniti

In excursion set theory the computation of the halo mass function is mapped into a first-passage time process in the presence of a barrier, which in the spherical collapse model is a constant and in the ellipsoidal collapse model is a fixed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 Michele Maggiore , Antonio Riotto

Excursion set theory, where density perturbations evolve stochastically with the smoothing scale, provides a method for computing the mass function of cosmological structures like dark matter halos, sheets and filaments. The computation of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-28 Andrea De Simone , Michele Maggiore , Antonio Riotto

A classic method for computing the mass function of dark matter halos is provided by excursion set theory, where density perturbations evolve stochastically with the smoothing scale, and the problem of computing the probability of halo…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Michele Maggiore , Antonio Riotto

We study the possibility of production of primordial black holes (PBHs) from bubble collisions during a first-order phase transition. While typical colliding bubbles are small and irrelevant for PBH production, we find that those that can…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-11-20 Tae Hyun Jung , Takemichi Okui

The simplest stochastic halo formation models assume that the traceless part of the shear field acts to increase the initial overdensity (or decrease the underdensity) that a protohalo (or protovoid) must have if it is to form by the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-09 Marcello Musso , Ravi K. Sheth

If primordial black holes (PBH) are present in the early universe, their contribution to the energy budget grows relative to that of radiation and generically becomes dominant unless the initial abundance is exponentially small. This black…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-24 Ian Holst , Gordan Krnjaic , Huangyu Xiao

We in this paper investigate the formation and evolution of primordial black holes (PBHs) in nonsingular bouncing cosmologies. We discuss the formation of PBH in the contracting phase and calculate the PBH abundance as a function of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-18 Jie-Wen Chen , Junyu Liu , Hao-Lan Xu , Yi-Fu Cai
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