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Language models significantly benefit from context tokens, such as prompts or scratchpads. They perform better when prompted with informative instructions, and they acquire new reasoning capabilities by generating a scratch-pad before…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Charlie Snell , Dan Klein , Ruiqi Zhong

As the field of deep learning steadily transitions from the realm of academic research to practical application, the significance of self-supervised pretraining methods has become increasingly prominent. These methods, particularly in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Toni Albert , Bjoern Eskofier , Dario Zanca

Contextual Partitioning introduces an innovative approach to enhancing the architectural design of large-scale computational models through the dynamic segmentation of parameters into context-aware regions. This methodology emphasizes the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Offa Kingsleigh , Alfred Abercrombie , David Woolstencroft , Beorhtric Meadowcroft , Marcus Irvin

Traditional methods for reasoning segmentation rely on supervised fine-tuning with categorical labels and simple descriptions, limiting its out-of-domain generalization and lacking explicit reasoning processes. To address these limitations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yuqi Liu , Bohao Peng , Zhisheng Zhong , Zihao Yue , Fanbin Lu , Bei Yu , Jiaya Jia

Large vision-language models have achieved remarkable progress in visual reasoning, yet most existing systems rely on single-step or text-only reasoning, limiting their ability to iteratively refine understanding across multiple visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Wenfang Sun , Hao Chen , Yingjun Du , Yefeng Zheng , Cees G. M. Snoek

Multilingual vision-language models have made significant strides in image captioning, yet they still lag behind their English counterparts due to limited multilingual training data and costly large-scale model parameterization.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 George Ibrahim , Rita Ramos , Yova Kementchedjhieva

Despite the promise of Retrieval-Augmented Generation in grounding Multimodal Large Language Models with external knowledge, the transition to extensive contexts often leads to significant attention dilution and reasoning hallucinations.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Junming Liu , Yuqi Li , Shiping Wen , Zhigang Zeng , Tingwen Huang

Although perception systems have made remarkable advancements in recent years, they still rely on explicit human instruction or pre-defined categories to identify the target objects before executing visual recognition tasks. Such systems…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Xin Lai , Zhuotao Tian , Yukang Chen , Yanwei Li , Yuhui Yuan , Shu Liu , Jiaya Jia

Automatically describing a video with natural language is regarded as a fundamental challenge in computer vision. The problem nevertheless is not trivial especially when a video contains multiple events to be worthy of mention, which often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Yehao Li , Ting Yao , Yingwei Pan , Hongyang Chao , Tao Mei

One property that remains lacking in image captions generated by contemporary methods is discriminability: being able to tell two images apart given the caption for one of them. We propose a way to improve this aspect of caption generation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-12 Ruotian Luo , Brian Price , Scott Cohen , Gregory Shakhnarovich

Reasoning segmentation is an emerging vision-language task that requires reasoning over intricate text queries to precisely segment objects. However, existing methods typically suffer from overthinking, generating verbose reasoning chains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yulin He , Wei Chen , Zhikang Jian , Tianhang Guo , Wenjuan Zhou , Minglong Li , Shaowu Yang , Wenjing Yang

Reasoning segmentation enables open-set object segmentation via implicit text queries, therefore serving as a foundation for embodied agents that should operate autonomously in real-world environments. However, existing methods for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yiqing Shen , Mathias Unberath

Vision and Language (VL) models offer an effective method for aligning representation spaces of images and text, leading to numerous applications such as cross-modal retrieval, visual question answering, captioning, and more. However, the…

Image captioning is a longstanding problem in the field of computer vision and natural language processing. To date, researchers have produced impressive state-of-the-art performance in the age of deep learning. Most of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Zihang Meng , David Yang , Xuefei Cao , Ashish Shah , Ser-Nam Lim

Automatically generating the descriptions of an image, i.e., image captioning, is an important and fundamental topic in artificial intelligence, which bridges the gap between computer vision and natural language processing. Based on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-14 Shiyang Yan , Yuan Xie , Fangyu Wu , Jeremy S. Smith , Wenjin Lu , Bailing Zhang

When automatically generating a sentence description for an image or video, it often remains unclear how well the generated caption is grounded, that is whether the model uses the correct image regions to output particular words, or if the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Chih-Yao Ma , Yannis Kalantidis , Ghassan AlRegib , Peter Vajda , Marcus Rohrbach , Zsolt Kira

Conventionally, AI models are thought to trade off explainability for lower accuracy. We develop a training strategy that not only leads to a more explainable AI system for object classification, but as a consequence, suffers no perceptible…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Andrea Zunino , Sarah Adel Bargal , Riccardo Volpi , Mehrnoosh Sameki , Jianming Zhang , Stan Sclaroff , Vittorio Murino , Kate Saenko

Referring expressions are natural language descriptions that identify a particular object within a scene and are widely used in our daily conversations. In this work, we focus on segmenting the object in an image specified by a referring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Yi-Wen Chen , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Tiantian Wang , Yen-Yu Lin , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Recent progress on image captioning has made it possible to generate novel sentences describing images in natural language, but compressing an image into a single sentence can describe visual content in only coarse detail. While one new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-11 Jonathan Krause , Justin Johnson , Ranjay Krishna , Li Fei-Fei

Recent retrieval-augmented image captioning methods incorporate external knowledge to compensate for the limitations in comprehending complex scenes. However, current approaches face challenges in relation modeling: (1) the representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Xiaosheng Long , Hanyu Wang , Zhentao Song , Kun Luo , Hongde Liu