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Recent image generation models show remarkable generation performance. However, they mirror strong location preference in datasets, which we call spatial bias. Therefore, generators render poor samples at unseen locations and scales. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Jooyoung Choi , Jungbeom Lee , Yonghyun Jeong , Sungroh Yoon

Text-to-image models give rise to workflows which often begin with an exploration step, where users sift through a large collection of generated images. The global nature of the text-to-image generation process prevents users from narrowing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Or Patashnik , Daniel Garibi , Idan Azuri , Hadar Averbuch-Elor , Daniel Cohen-Or

Text-to-image generation models have advanced rapidly, yet achieving fine-grained control over generated images remains difficult, largely due to limited understanding of how semantic information is encoded. We develop an interpretation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Mateusz Pach , Jessica Bader , Quentin Bouniot , Serge Belongie , Zeynep Akata

Recent progress in text-to-image (T2I) generative models has led to significant improvements in generating high-quality images aligned with text prompts. However, these models still struggle with prompts involving multiple objects, often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Dongnam Byun , Jungwon Park , Jungmin Ko , Changin Choi , Wonjong Rhee

Diffusion models have emerged as a dominant approach for text-to-image generation. Key components such as the human preference alignment and classifier-free guidance play a crucial role in ensuring generation quality. However, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Minghao Fu , Guo-Hua Wang , Liangfu Cao , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang

Text-to-image (T2I) generative models have gained increased popularity in the public domain. While boasting impressive user-guided generative abilities, their black-box nature exposes users to intentionally- and intrinsically-biased…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Jordan Vice , Naveed Akhtar , Richard Hartley , Ajmal Mian

Recent advancements in image generation technology have enabled widespread access to AI-generated imagery, prominently used in advertising, entertainment, and progressively in every form of visual content. However, these technologies often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Yannis Tevissen

The introduction of negative labels (NLs) has proven effective in enhancing Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection. However, existing methods often lack an understanding of OOD images, making it difficult to construct an accurate negative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Wenjie Zhu , Yabin Zhang , Xin Jin , Wenjun Zeng , Lei Zhang

Recent breakthroughs in text-to-image diffusion models have significantly advanced the generation of high-fidelity, photo-realistic images from textual descriptions. Yet, these models often struggle with interpreting spatial arrangements…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Jiaqi Liu , Tao Huang , Chang Xu

Location modeling, or determining where non-existing objects could feasibly appear in a scene, has the potential to benefit numerous computer vision tasks, from automatic object insertion to scene creation in virtual reality. Yet, this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Jooyeol Yun , Davide Abati , Mohamed Omran , Jaegul Choo , Amirhossein Habibian , Auke Wiggers

There has been a surge of interest in language model agents that can navigate virtual environments such as the web or desktop. To navigate such environments, agents benefit from information on the various elements (e.g., buttons, text, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Wayne Chi , Ameet Talwalkar , Chris Donahue

Conditioning image generation on specific features of the desired output is a key ingredient of modern generative models. However, existing approaches lack a general and unified way of representing structural and semantic conditioning at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Luca Butera , Andrea Cini , Alberto Ferrante , Cesare Alippi

Generating multiple distinct subjects remains a challenge for existing text-to-image diffusion models. Complex prompts often lead to subject leakage, causing inaccuracies in quantities, attributes, and visual features. Preventing leakage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Omer Dahary , Yehonathan Cohen , Or Patashnik , Kfir Aberman , Daniel Cohen-Or

Current bias evaluations in Instruction Text-to-Speech (ITTS) often rely on univariate testing, overlooking the compositional structure of social cues. In this work, we investigate gender bias by modeling prompts as combinations of Social…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Kuan-Yu Chen , Yi-Cheng Lin , Po-Chung Hsieh , Huang-Cheng Chou , Chih-Fan Hsu , Jeng-Lin Li , Hung-yi Lee , Jian-Jiun Ding

Region-instructed layout control in text-to-image generation is highly practical, yet existing methods suffer from limitations: (i) training-based approaches inherit data bias and often degrade image quality, and (ii) current techniques…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ruidong Chen , Yancheng Bai , Xuanpu Zhang , Jianhao Zeng , Lanjun Wang , Dan Song , Lei Sun , Xiangxiang Chu , Anan Liu

Spatial control is a core capability in controllable image generation. Advancements in layout-guided image generation have shown promising results on in-distribution (ID) datasets with similar spatial configurations. However, it is unclear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Jaemin Cho , Linjie Li , Zhengyuan Yang , Zhe Gan , Lijuan Wang , Mohit Bansal

Structure information is ubiquitous in natural scene images and it plays an important role in scene representation. In this paper, third order structure statistics (TOSS) and fourth order structure statistics (FOSS) are exploited to encode…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-10-16 Wenya Zhu , Xiankai Lu , Tao Xu , Ziyi Zhao

The widespread adoption of generative AI models has raised growing concerns about representational harm and potential discriminatory outcomes. Yet, despite growing literature on this topic, the mechanisms by which bias emerges - especially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Xiaofeng Zhang , Michelle Lin , Simon Lacoste-Julien , Aaron Courville , Yash Goyal

Ordered item response models that are in common use can be divided into three groups, cumulative, sequential and adjacent categories model. The derivation and motivation of the models is typically based on the assumed presence of latent…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-11 Gerhard Tutz

Word ordering is a constrained language generation task taking unordered words as input. Existing work uses linear models and neural networks for the task, yet pre-trained language models have not been studied in word ordering, let alone…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Zebin Ou , Meishan Zhang , Yue Zhang