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The spread of an infectious disease depends on intrinsic properties of the disease as well as the connectivity and actions of the population. This study investigates the dynamics of an SIR type model which accounts for human tendency to…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-07-26 Hannah Scanlon , John Gemmer

We propose an extension of the classical susceptible infectious recovered (SIR) model that incorporates the effects of spatial propagation of an epidemic through a small number of additional compartments. The model is designed to capture…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-02 M. Soledad Aronna , Mariana Bergonzi , Ernesto Kofman

Understanding the dynamics of computer virus (malware, worm) in cyberspace is an important problem that has attracted a fair amount of attention. Early investigations for this purpose adapted biological epidemic models, and thus inherited…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-03-25 Shouhuai Xu , Wenlian Lu , Li Xu

In this paper, we propose a modified susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model, in which each node is assigned with an identical capability of active contacts, $A$, at each time step. In contrast to the previous studies, we find that on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Rui Yang , Bing-Hong Wang , Jie Ren , Wen-Jie Bai , Zhi-Wen Shi , Wen-Xu Wang , Tao Zhou

Many models of virus propagation in Computer Networks inspired by {\bf SIS,SIR,}\\ {\bf SEIR}, etc. epidemic disease propagation mathematical models that can be found in the epidemiology field have been proposed in the last two decades. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-05 Carlos Rodriguez Lucatero

Studies on the propagation of malware in mobile networks have revealed that the spread of malware can be highly inhomogeneous. Platform diversity, contact list utilization by the malware, clustering in the network structure, etc. can also…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Soheil Eshghi , MHR. Khouzani , Saswati Sarkar , Santosh S. Venkatesh

In most models of the spread of disease over contact networks it is assumed that the probabilities per unit time of disease transmission and recovery from disease are constant, implying exponential distributions of the time intervals for…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-07-23 Brian Karrer , M. E. J. Newman

Many complex networks exhibit vulnerability to spreading of epidemics, and such vulnerability relates to the viral strain as well as to the network characteristics. For instance, the structure of the network plays an important role in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-03-14 Mina Youssef , Caterina Scoglio

One of the major issues in the theoretical modeling of epidemic spreading is the development of methods to control the transmission of an infectious agent. Human behavior plays a fundamental role in the spreading dynamics and can be used to…

The epidemic threshold of a spreading process indicates the condition for the occurrence of the wide spreading regime, thus representing a predictor of the network vulnerability to the epidemic. Such threshold depends on the natural history…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-01-20 Eugenio Valdano , Chiara Poletto , Vittoria Colizza

This study develops and analyzes an extended Susceptible, Infected, Hospitalized and Recovered (SIHR) model incorporating time dependent control functions to capture preventive measures (e.g., distancing, mask use) and resource limited…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-01 Liban Ismail , Yahyeh Souleiman , Saraless Nadarajah , Abdisalam Hassan

In this paper, we analyze the infection spreading dynamics of malware in a population of cyber nodes (i.e., computers or devices). Unlike most prior studies where nodes are reactive to infections, in our setting some nodes are active…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-25 Keith Paarporn , Shouhuai Xu

We study by analytical methods and large scale simulations a dynamical model for the spreading of epidemics in complex networks. In networks with exponentially bounded connectivity we recover the usual epidemic behavior with a threshold…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Romualdo Pastor-Satorras , Alessandro Vespignani

The effective control of infectious diseases relies on accurate assessment of the impact of interventions, which is often hindered by the complex dynamics of the spread of disease. A Beta-Dirichlet switching state-space transmission model…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-30 Jingxue Feng , Liangliang Wang

We consider a continuous-time Markov chain model of SIR disease dynamics with two levels of mixing. For this so-called stochastic households model, we provide two methods for inferring the model parameters---governing within-household…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-02-07 James N. Walker , Joshua V. Ross , Andrew J. Black

Cities have long served as nucleating centers for human development and advancement. Cities have facilitated the spread of both human creativity and human disease, and at the same time, efforts to minimize the spread of disease have…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-11-10 Harold M Hastings , Tai Young-Taft

We propose a model for epidemic spreading on a finite complex network with a restriction to at most one contamination per time step. Because of a highly discrete character of the process, the analysis cannot use the continous approximation,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-07-23 Wojciech Ganczarek

This paper investigates the dynamics of infectious diseases with a non-exponentially distributed infectious period. This is achieved by considering a multi-stage infection model on networks. Using pairwise approximation with a standard…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-11-23 N. Sherborne , K. B. Blyuss , I. Z. Kiss

Infection spread among individuals is modelled with a continuous time Markov chain, in which subject interactions depend on their distance in space. The well known SIR model and non local variants of the latter are then obtained as large…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-09-27 Franco Flandoli , Francesco Grotto , Andrea Papini , Cristiano Ricci

Two simple agent based models are often employed in epidemic studies: the susceptible-infected (SI) and the susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS). Both models describe the time evolution of infectious diseases in networks in which vertices…