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Physics-informed Graph Neural Networks have achieved remarkable performance in learning through graph-structured data by mitigating common GNN challenges such as over-smoothing, over-squashing, and heterophily adaption. Despite these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Dai Shi , Andi Han , Lequan Lin , Yi Guo , Zhiyong Wang , Junbin Gao

Graph neural networks (GNNs) excel in modeling relational data such as biological, social, and transportation networks, but the underpinnings of their success are not well understood. Traditional complexity measures from statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Cheng Shi , Liming Pan , Hong Hu , Ivan Dokmanić

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been successful in modeling graph-structured data. However, similar to other machine learning models, GNNs can exhibit bias in predictions based on attributes like race and gender. Moreover, bias in GNNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Zengyi Wo , Chang Liu , Yumeng Wang , Minglai Shao , Wenjun Wang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) show strong expressive power on graph data mining, by aggregating information from neighbors and using the integrated representation in the downstream tasks. The same aggregation methods and parameters for each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Xiaojun Ma , Qin Chen , Yuanyi Ren , Guojie Song , Liang Wang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown remarkable performance on homophilic graph data while being far less impressive when handling non-homophilic graph data due to the inherent low-pass filtering property of GNNs. In general, since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Shuai Zheng , Zhenfeng Zhu , Zhizhe Liu , Youru Li , Yao Zhao

While graph heterophily has been extensively studied in recent years, a fundamental research question largely remains nascent: How and to what extent will graph heterophily affect the prediction performance of graph neural networks (GNNs)?…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Shuaicheng Zhang , Haohui Wang , Si Zhang , Dawei Zhou

Homophily principle, i.e., nodes with the same labels are more likely to be connected, has been believed to be the main reason for the performance superiority of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) over Neural Networks on node classification…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Sitao Luan , Chenqing Hua , Minkai Xu , Qincheng Lu , Jiaqi Zhu , Xiao-Wen Chang , Jie Fu , Jure Leskovec , Doina Precup

Graph Neural Network (GNN) is an emerging technique for graph-based learning tasks such as node classification. In this work, we reveal the vulnerability of GNN to the imbalance of node labels. Traditional solutions for imbalanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Xiaohe Li , Lijie Wen , Yawen Deng , Fuli Feng , Xuming Hu , Lei Wang , Zide Fan

Recently there is a growing focus on graph data, and multi-view graph clustering has become a popular area of research interest. Most of the existing methods are only applicable to homophilous graphs, yet the extensive real-world graph data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Zichen Wen , Yawen Ling , Yazhou Ren , Tianyi Wu , Jianpeng Chen , Xiaorong Pu , Zhifeng Hao , Lifang He

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are known to be vulnerable to oversmoothing due to their implicit homophily assumption. We mitigate this problem with a novel scheme that regulates the aggregation of messages, modulating the type and extent of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Haishan Wang , Arno Solin , Vikas Garg

In recent years, using a self-supervised learning framework to learn the general characteristics of graphs has been considered a promising paradigm for graph representation learning. The core of self-supervised learning strategies for graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Jiawei Zhu , Mei Hong , Ronghua Du , Haifeng Li

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have received increasing attention for representation learning in various machine learning tasks. However, most existing GNNs applying neighborhood aggregation usually perform poorly on the graph with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Wei Zhuo , Guang Tan

Previous studies have demonstrated the strong performance of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) in node classification. However, most existing GNNs adopt a node-centric perspective and rely on global message passing, leading to high computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Qian Zeng , Xin Lin , Jingyi Gao , Yang Yu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become the standard method for learning from networks across fields ranging from biology to social systems, yet a principled understanding of what enables them to extract meaningful representations, or why…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-19 Nil Ayday , Mahalakshmi Sabanayagam , Debarghya Ghoshdastidar

Heterophily is a prevalent property of real-world graphs and is well known to impair the performance of homophilic Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Prior work has attempted to adapt GNNs to heterophilic graphs through non-local neighbor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Xiangmeng Wang , Qian Li , Haiyang Xia , Hao Miao , Qing Li , Guandong Xu

Over the past decade, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great success on machine learning tasks with relational data. However, recent studies have found that heterophily can cause significant performance degradation of GNNs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Sitao Luan , Qincheng Lu , Chenqing Hua , Xinyu Wang , Jiaqi Zhu , Xiao-Wen Chang

Recent studies show that Graph Neural Networks(GNNs) are vulnerable and easily fooled by small perturbations, which has raised considerable concerns for adapting GNNs in various safety-critical applications. In this work, we focus on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Zhihao Zhu , Chenwang Wu , Min Zhou , Hao Liao , Defu Lian , Enhong Chen

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated strong performance in graph mining tasks due to their message-passing mechanism, which is aligned with the homophily assumption that adjacent nodes exhibit similar behaviors. However, in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Zhuonan Zheng , Yuanchen Bei , Sheng Zhou , Yao Ma , Ming Gu , HongJia XU , Chengyu Lai , Jiawei Chen , Jiajun Bu

We propose AGS-GNN, a novel attribute-guided sampling algorithm for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) that exploits node features and connectivity structure of a graph while simultaneously adapting for both homophily and heterophily in graphs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Siddhartha Shankar Das , S M Ferdous , Mahantesh M Halappanavar , Edoardo Serra , Alex Pothen

With the rapid development of the World Wide Web (WWW), heterogeneous graphs (HG) have explosive growth. Recently, heterogeneous graph neural network (HGNN) has shown great potential in learning on HG. Current studies of HGNN mainly focus…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Jiayan Guo , Lun Du , Wendong Bi , Qiang Fu , Xiaojun Ma , Xu Chen , Shi Han , Dongmei Zhang , Yan Zhang