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Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable performance on a variety of natural language understanding (NLU) tasks, primarily due to their in-context learning ability. This ability could be applied to building babylike models, i.e.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Zheyu Zhang , Han Yang , Bolei Ma , David Rügamer , Ercong Nie

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in a wide range of natural language applications. However, they often struggle to recognize low-resource languages, in particular African languages, which are not well…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Happy Buzaaba , Alexander Wettig , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Christiane Fellbaum

The development of Large Speech-Language Models (LSLMs) has been slowed by fragmented architectures and a lack of transparency, hindering the systematic comparison and reproducibility of research. Unlike in the vision-language domain, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Yirong Sun , Yizhong Geng , Peidong Wei , Yanjun Chen , Jinghan Yang , Rongfei Chen , Wei Zhang , Xiaoyu Shen

This report evaluates the performance of text-in text-out Large Language Models (LLMs) to understand and generate Indic languages. This evaluation is used to identify and prioritize Indic languages suited for inclusion in safety benchmarks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Aatman Vaidya , Tarunima Prabhakar , Denny George , Swair Shah

Assessing the capabilities and limitations of large language models (LLMs) has garnered significant interest, yet the evaluation of multiple models in real-world scenarios remains rare. Multilingual evaluation often relies on translated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Varun Gumma , Ananditha Raghunath , Mohit Jain , Sunayana Sitaram

Over the past few years, improving LLM code generation capabilities has been a key focus in NLP research. Despite Bengali having 242 million native speakers worldwide, it receives little attention when it comes to training LLMs. More…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Sajed Jalil , Shuvo Saha , Hossain Mohammad Seym

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on a variety of natural language tasks based on just a few examples of natural language instructions, reducing the need for extensive feature engineering. However, most…

High-resource languages such as English, enables the pretraining of high-quality large language models (LLMs). The same can not be said for most other languages as LLMs still underperform for non-English languages, likely due to a gap in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jiayi Wang , Yao Lu , Maurice Weber , Max Ryabinin , David Adelani , Yihong Chen , Raphael Tang , Pontus Stenetorp

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as one of the most important breakthroughs in NLP for their impressive skills in language generation and other language-specific tasks. Though LLMs have been evaluated in various tasks, mostly in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Mohsinul Kabir , Mohammed Saidul Islam , Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Mir Tafseer Nayeem , M Saiful Bari , Enamul Hoque

Large language models have been widely evaluated on tasks such as comprehension, summarization, code generation, etc. However, their performance on graduate-level, culturally grounded questions in the Indian context remains largely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Ayush Maheshwari , Kaushal Sharma , Vivek Patel , Aditya Maheshwari

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with cross-lingual tasks due to data imbalances between high-resource and low-resource languages, as well as monolingual bias in pre-training. Existing methods, such as bilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Weihua Zheng , Chang Liu , Zhengyuan Liu , Xin Huang , Kui Wu , Muhammad Huzaifah Md Shahrin , Aiti Aw , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has highlighted the need for robust evaluation frameworks that assess their core capabilities, such as reasoning, knowledge, and commonsense, leading to the inception of certain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Dahyun Kim , Sukyung Lee , Yungi Kim , Attapol Rutherford , Chanjun Park

Large language models (LLMs) excel in many tasks in NLP and beyond, but most open models have very limited coverage of smaller languages and LLM work tends to focus on languages where nearly unlimited data is available for pretraining. In…

Recent advances in Multilingual Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly enhanced cross-lingual conversational capabilities, yet modeling culturally nuanced and context-dependent communication remains a critical bottleneck.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Md. Asaduzzaman Shuvo , Mahedi Hasan , Md. Tashin Parvez , Azizul Haque Noman , Md. Shafayet Hossain Ovi

Vision Language Models (VLMs) achieved rapid progress in the recent years. However, despite their growth, VLMs development is heavily grounded on English, leading to two main limitations: (i) the lack of multilingual and multimodal datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Daniela Baiamonte , Elena Fano , Matteo Gabburo , Stefano Simonazzi , Leonardo Rigutini , Andrea Zugarini

Large language models (LLMs) use pretraining to predict the subsequent word; however, their expansion requires significant computing resources. Numerous big tech companies and research institutes have developed multilingual LLMs (MLLMs) to…

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a class of deep learning models adept at understanding natural language and generating coherent responses to various prompts or queries. These models far exceed the complexity of conventional neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Minghao Shao , Abdul Basit , Ramesh Karri , Muhammad Shafique

Large language model (LLM) research and development has overwhelmingly focused on the world's major languages, leading to under-representation of low-resource languages such as Irish. This paper introduces \textbf{Qomhr\'a}, a bilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Joseph McInerney , Khanh-Tung Tran , Liam Lonergan , Ailbhe Ní Chasaide , Neasa Ní Chiaráin , Barry Devereux

In pursuit of more inclusive Vision-Language Models (VLMs), this study introduces a Large Multilingual Multimodal Model called PALO. PALO offers visual reasoning capabilities in 10 major languages, including English, Chinese, Hindi,…

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced natural language processing, excelling in areas like text generation, summarization, and question-answering. Despite their capabilities, these models face challenges when fine-tuned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Ali Hamdi , Hozaifa Kassab , Mohamed Bahaa , Marwa Mohamed