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Related papers: Biased Generalization in Diffusion Models

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Distributed learning is an effective way to analyze big data. In distributed regression, a typical approach is to divide the big data into multiple blocks, apply a base regression algorithm on each of them, and then simply average the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Zhengchu Guo , Lei Shi , Qiang Wu

Diffusion models have demonstrated impressive capabilities in synthesizing diverse content. However, despite their high-quality outputs, these models often perpetuate social biases, including those related to gender and race. These biases…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Yingdong Shi , Changming Li , Yifan Wang , Yongxiang Zhao , Anqi Pang , Sibei Yang , Jingyi Yu , Kan Ren

Deep generative models produce data according to a learned representation, e.g. diffusion models, through a process of approximation computing possible samples. Approximation can be understood as reconstruction and the large datasets used…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Luís Arandas , Mick Grierson , Miguel Carvalhais

One of the principal scientific challenges in deep learning is explaining generalization, i.e., why the particular way the community now trains networks to achieve small training error also leads to small error on held-out data from the…

An open secret in contemporary machine learning is that many models work beautifully on standard benchmarks but fail to generalize outside the lab. This has been attributed to biased training data, which provide poor coverage over real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Ali Jahanian , Lucy Chai , Phillip Isola

The primary objective of learning methods is generalization. Classic uniform generalization bounds, which rely on VC-dimension or Rademacher complexity, fail to explain the significant attribute that over-parameterized models in deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Lijia Yu , Yibo Miao , Yifan Zhu , Xiao-Shan Gao , Lijun Zhang

While deep generative models (DGMs) have gained popularity, their susceptibility to biases and other inefficiencies that lead to undesirable outcomes remains an issue. With their growing complexity, there is a critical need for early…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Vidya Prasad , Anna Vilanova , Nicola Pezzotti

As deep neural networks are highly expressive, it is important to find solutions with small generalization gap (the difference between the performance on the training data and unseen data). Focusing on the stochastic nature of training, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Rie Johnson , Tong Zhang

Grokking, or delayed generalization, is an intriguing learning phenomenon where test set loss decreases sharply only after a model's training set loss has converged. This challenges conventional understanding of the training dynamics in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Breno W. Carvalho , Artur S. d'Avila Garcez , Luís C. Lamb , Emílio Vital Brazil

We study a data-dependent notion of diffusion-model generalization: when a model does not memorize the training set, where do its generated samples go relative to the geometry induced by the data? To answer this, we introduce a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-14 Ye He , Yitong Qiu , Molei Tao

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful framework for generative modeling, with guidance techniques playing a crucial role in enhancing sample quality. Despite their empirical success, a comprehensive theoretical understanding of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-05 Gen Li , Yuchen Jiao

Domain generalization is the problem of machine learning when the training data and the test data come from different data domains. We present a simple theoretical model of learning to generalize across domains in which there is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Vikas K. Garg , Adam Kalai , Katrina Ligett , Zhiwei Steven Wu

Machine learning models rely on various assumptions to attain high accuracy. One of the preliminary assumptions of these models is the independent and identical distribution, which suggests that the train and test data are sampled from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Paras Sheth , Raha Moraffah , K. Selçuk Candan , Adrienne Raglin , Huan Liu

Understanding how feature learning affects generalization is among the foremost goals of modern deep learning theory. Here, we study how the ability to learn representations affects the generalization performance of a simple class of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Jacob A. Zavatone-Veth , William L. Tong , Cengiz Pehlevan

Generalization is a central aspect of learning theory. Here, we propose a framework that explores an auxiliary task-dependent notion of generalization, and attempts to quantitatively answer the following question: given two sets of patterns…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-01-08 Francesco Borra , Marco Cosentino Lagomarsino , Pietro Rotondo , Marco Gherardi

A learned generative model often produces biased statistics relative to the underlying data distribution. A standard technique to correct this bias is importance sampling, where samples from the model are weighted by the likelihood ratio…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-05 Aditya Grover , Jiaming Song , Alekh Agarwal , Kenneth Tran , Ashish Kapoor , Eric Horvitz , Stefano Ermon

A major challenge in understanding the generalization of deep learning is to explain why (stochastic) gradient descent can exploit the network architecture to find solutions that have good generalization performance when using high capacity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Yifan Wu , Barnabas Poczos , Aarti Singh

Predictive models that generalize well under distributional shift are often desirable and sometimes crucial to building robust and reliable machine learning applications. We focus on distributional shift that arises in causal inference from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-27 Fredrik D. Johansson , Nathan Kallus , Uri Shalit , David Sontag

Diffusion Models enable realistic image generation, raising the risk of misinformation and eroding public trust. Currently, detecting images generated by unseen diffusion models remains challenging due to the limited generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Yingjian Chen , Lei Zhang , Yakun Niu , Lei Tan , Pei Chen

Deep Neural Networks are well known for efficiently fitting training data, yet experiencing poor generalization capabilities whenever some kind of bias dominates over the actual task labels, resulting in models learning "shortcuts". In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Pietro Morerio , Ruggero Ragonesi , Vittorio Murino