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Quantum complexity quantifies the difficulty of preparing a state or implementing a unitary transformation with limited resources. Applications range from quantum computation to condensed matter physics and quantum gravity. We seek to…

Quantum circuit complexity is a fundamental concept whose importance permeates quantum information, computation, many-body physics and high-energy physics. While extensively studied in closed systems, its characterization and behaviors in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Zhenyu Du , Zi-Wen Liu , Xiongfeng Ma

A two-step optimization is proposed to represent an arbitrary quantum state to a desired accuracy with the least number of gaussians in phase space. The Husimi distribution of the quantum state provides the information to determine the…

Atomic and Molecular Clusters · Physics 2009-11-10 Anatole Kenfack , Jan M Rost , Alfredo M Ozorio de Almeida

Based on phase-space structures of quantum states, we propose a novel measure to quantify macroscopic quantum superpositions. Our measure simultaneously quantifies two different kinds of essential information for a given quantum state in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-06-02 Chang-Woo Lee , Hyunseok Jeong

In this article, we investigate various physical implications of quantum circuit complexity using squeezed state formalism of Primordial Gravitational Waves (PGW). Recently quantum information theoretic concepts, such as entanglement…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-07 Kiran Adhikari , Sayantan Choudhury , Hardey N. Pandya , Rohan Srivastava

This paper proposes an approach to interpreting quantum expectation values that may help address the quantum measurement problem. Quantum expectation values are usually calculated via Hilbert space inner products and, thereby, differently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Simon Friederich

The original Wigner function provides a way of representing in phase space the quantum states of systems with continuous degrees of freedom. Wigner functions have also been developed for discrete quantum systems, one popular version being…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Kathleen S. Gibbons , Matthew J. Hoffman , William K. Wootters

We develop a rigorous framework for quantifying quantum coherence in finite-dimensional systems by applying the Schur-Horn majorization theorem to relate eigenvalue distributions and diagonal entries of density matrices. Building on this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Tariq Aziz , Meng-Long Song , Liu Ye , Dong Wang

We propose a new generalised formalism for estimating the quantum phase uncertainty of pure and mixed continuous-variable quantum states and compare this with the phase uncertainty given by the quantum Fisher information. In order to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-02 Jaewoo Joo , Jacob A. Dunningham , Daniel K. L. Oi , Timothy P. Spiller

We are concerned with an information-theoretic measure of uncertainty for quantum systems. Precisely, the Wehrl entropy of the phase-space probability $Q^{(m)}_{\hat{\rho}}=\left\langle z,m|\hat{\rho}|z,m\right\rangle $ which is known as…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-07-10 Z. Mouayn , H. Kassogue , P. Kayupe Kikodio , I. F. Fatani

Although the principle of superposition lies at the heart of quantum mechanics and is the root of almost all quantum phenomena such as coherence and entanglement, its quantification, except for that related to the resource theory of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Xiaotong Wang , Shunlong Luo , Yue Zhang

Quantifying the complexity of quantum states is a longstanding key problem in various subfields of science, ranging from quantum computing to the black-hole theory. The lower bound on quantum pure state complexity has been shown to grow…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-22 Yusen Wu , Bujiao Wu , Yanqi Song , Xiao Yuan , Jingbo B. Wang

We introduce a discrete-time quantum dynamics on a two-dimensional lattice that describes the evolution of a $1+1$-dimensional spin system. The underlying quantum map is constructed such that the reduced state at each time step is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-11 I. Lesanovsky , Katarzyna Macieszczak , Juan P. Garrahan

We propose to quantify the entanglement of pure states of $N \times N$ bipartite quantum system by defining its Husimi distribution with respect to $SU(N)\times SU(N)$ coherent states. The Wehrl entropy is minimal if and only if the pure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Florian Mintert , Karol Zyczkowski

We initiate the study of state complexity for continuous-variable quantum systems. Concretely, we consider a setup with bosonic modes and auxiliary qubits, where available operations include Gaussian one- and two-mode operations, single-…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-06 Lukas Brenner , Libor Caha , Xavier Coiteux-Roy , Robert Koenig

Nonclassical states of a quantized light are described in terms of Glauber-Sudarshan P distribution which is not a genuine classical probability distribution. Despite several attempts, defining a uniform measure of nonclassicality (NC) for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-20 Soumyakanti Bose

We discuss some properties of the generalized entropies, called Renyi entropies and their application to the case of continuous distributions. In particular it is shown that these measures of complexity can be divergent, however, their…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 I. Varga , J. Pipek

We propose the Wigner separability entropy as a measure of complexity of a quantum state. This quantity measures the number of terms that effectively contribute to the Schmidt decomposition of the Wigner function with respect to a chosen…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-23 Giuliano Benenti , Gabriel G. Carlo , Tomaz Prosen

Manipulating entanglement, which reflects non-local correlations in a quantum system and defines the complexity of describing its wave function, represents the extremely tough challenge in the fields of quantum computing, quantum…

We have recently developed the \textit{constraint} coordinate-momentum \textit{phase space} (CPS) formulation for finite-state quantum systems. It has been implemented for the electronic subsystem in nonadiabatic transition dynamics to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-21 Youhao Shang , Xiangsong Cheng , Jian Liu