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Spectral analysis of neighborhood graphs is one of the most widely used techniques for exploratory data analysis, with applications ranging from machine learning to social sciences. In such applications, it is typical to first encode…

This paper shows that graph spectral embedding using the random walk Laplacian produces vector representations which are completely corrected for node degree. Under a generalised random dot product graph, the embedding provides uniformly…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-05 Alexander Modell , Patrick Rubin-Delanchy

In this paper, we consider the soft geometric block model (SGBM) with a fixed number $k \geq 2$ of homogeneous communities in the dense regime, and we introduce a spectral clustering algorithm for community recovery on graphs generated by…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Luiz Emilio Allem , Konstantin Avrachenkov , Carlos Hoppen , Hariprasad Manjunath , Lucas Siviero Sibemberg

Unsupervised graph representation learning aims to learn low-dimensional node embeddings without supervision while preserving graph topological structures and node attributive features. Previous graph neural networks (GNN) require a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Yanqiao Zhu , Yichen Xu , Feng Yu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang

Graph clustering is essential in graph analysis for revealing structural patterns and node communities. Despite recent advances in self-supervised contrastive learning that have improved clustering via structural and attribute signals,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Lei Zhang , Fubo Sun , Haipeng Yang , Zhong Guan , Likang Wu

Graphs have become increasingly popular in modeling structures and interactions in a wide variety of problems during the last decade. Graph-based clustering and semi-supervised classification techniques have shown impressive performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Zhao Kang , Chong Peng , Qiang Cheng , Xinwang Liu , Xi Peng , Zenglin Xu , Ling Tian

This paper introduces a novel approach that integrates graph theory into self-supervised representation learning. Traditional methods focus on intra-instance variations generated by applying augmentations. However, they often overlook…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Ali Javidani , Babak Nadjar Araabi , Mohammad Amin Sadeghi

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are de facto solutions to structural data learning. However, it is susceptible to low-quality and unreliable structure, which has been a norm rather than an exception in real-world graphs. Existing graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Dongcheng Zou , Hao Peng , Xiang Huang , Renyu Yang , Jianxin Li , Jia Wu , Chunyang Liu , Philip S. Yu

Spectral clustering has become one of the most widely used clustering techniques when the structure of the individual clusters is non-convex or highly anisotropic. Yet, despite its immense popularity, there exists fairly little theory about…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-16 Shuyang Ling , Thomas Strohmer

Graph clustering or community detection constitutes an important task for investigating the internal structure of graphs, with a plethora of applications in several domains. Traditional techniques for graph clustering, such as spectral…

This work studies the classical spectral clustering algorithm which embeds the vertices of some graph $G=(V_G, E_G)$ into $\mathbb{R}^k$ using $k$ eigenvectors of some matrix of $G$, and applies $k$-means to partition $V_G$ into $k$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Peter Macgregor , He Sun

Our previous experiments demonstrated that subsets collections of (short) documents (with several hundred entries) share a common normalized in some way eigenvalue spectrum of combinatorial Laplacian. Based on this insight, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Mieczysław A. Kłopotek , Bartłmiej Starosta , Sławomir T. Wierzchoń

Laplacian Eigenvectors of the graph constructed from a data set are used in many spectral manifold learning algorithms such as diffusion maps and spectral clustering. Given a graph constructed from a random sample of a $d$-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-10-29 Xu Wang

Spectral clustering is discussed from many perspectives, by extending it to rectangular arrays and discrepancy minimization too. Near optimal clusters are obtained with singular value decomposition and with the weighted $k$-means algorithm.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-06 Marianna Bolla , Vilas Winstein , Tao You , Frank Seidl , Fatma Abdelkhalek

Spectral clustering methodologies, when extended to accommodate signed graphs, have encountered notable limitations in effectively encapsulating inherent grouping relationships. Recent findings underscore a substantial deterioration in the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Muhieddine Shebaro , Lucas Rusnak , Martin Burtscher , Jelena Tešić

We define a general variant of the graph clustering problem where the criterion of density for the clusters is (high) connectivity. In {\sc Clustering to Given Connectivities}, we are given an $n$-vertex graph $G$, an integer $k$, and a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-23 Petr A. Golovach , Dimitrios M. Thilikos

The extraction of clusters from a dataset which includes multiple clusters and a significant background component is a non-trivial task of practical importance. In image analysis this manifests for example in anomaly detection and target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-26 Xiuyuan Cheng , Gal Mishne

Spectral features are widely incorporated within Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to improve their expressive power, or their ability to distinguish among non-isomorphic graphs. One popular example is the usage of graph Laplacian eigenvectors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Snir Hordan , Maya Bechler-Speicher , Gur Lifshitz , Nadav Dym

In this paper, we introduce an algorithm for performing spectral clustering efficiently. Spectral clustering is a powerful clustering algorithm that suffers from high computational complexity, due to eigen decomposition. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-11 Ershad Banijamali , Ali Ghodsi

Cluster structure detection is a fundamental task for the analysis of graphs, in order to understand and to visualize their functional characteristics. Among the different cluster structure detection methods, spectral clustering is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-04-09 Camille Champion , Blazère Mélanie , Burcelin Rémy , Loubes Jean-Michel , Risser Laurent