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Most ATP benchmarks embed the final answer within the formal statement -- a convention we call "Easy Mode" -- a design that simplifies the task relative to what human competitors face and may lead to optimistic estimates of model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Chengwu Liu , Yichun Yin , Ye Yuan , Jiaxuan Xie , Botao Li , Siqi Li , Jianhao Shen , Yan Xu , Lifeng Shang , Ming Zhang

Temporal action detection (TAD) is an important yet challenging task in video analysis. Most existing works draw inspiration from image object detection and tend to reformulate it as a proposal generation - classification problem. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Chen Zhao , Merey Ramazanova , Mengmeng Xu , Bernard Ghanem

We present a novel method, SALAD, for the challenging vision task of adapting a pre-trained "source" domain network to a "target" domain, with a small budget for annotation in the "target" domain and a shift in the label space. Further, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Divya Kothandaraman , Sumit Shekhar , Abhilasha Sancheti , Manoj Ghuhan , Tripti Shukla , Dinesh Manocha

The deployment and application of Large Language Models (LLMs) is hindered by their memory inefficiency, computational demands, and the high costs of API inferences. Traditional distillation methods, which transfer the capabilities of LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Yifei Zhang , Bo Pan , Chen Ling , Yuntong Hu , Liang Zhao

LLM-generated peer reviews are increasingly common at major venues, yet their deficiencies are hard to detect because they are uniformly fluent and well-structured. Existing work either classifies authorship without judging quality, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Hanqi Duan , Xiang Li

Supervised finetuning (SFT) on instruction datasets has played a crucial role in achieving the remarkable zero-shot generalization capabilities observed in modern large language models (LLMs). However, the annotation efforts required to…

Automatic medical image segmentation plays a critical role in scientific research and medical care. Existing high-performance deep learning methods typically rely on large training datasets with high-quality manual annotations, which are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-17 Shanshan Wang , Cheng Li , Rongpin Wang , Zaiyi Liu , Meiyun Wang , Hongna Tan , Yaping Wu , Xinfeng Liu , Hui Sun , Rui Yang , Xin Liu , Jie Chen , Huihui Zhou , Ismail Ben Ayed , Hairong Zheng

Background: Software security is crucial to ensure that the users are protected from undesirable consequences such as malware attacks which can result in loss of data and, subsequently, financial loss. Technical Debt (TD) is a metaphor…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Joshua Aldrich Edbert , Sahrima Jannat Oishwee , Shubhashis Karmakar , Zadia Codabux , Roberto Verdecchia

The expensive annotation cost is notoriously known as the main constraint for the development of the point cloud semantic segmentation technique. Active learning methods endeavor to reduce such cost by selecting and labeling only a subset…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Feifei Shao , Yawei Luo , Ping Liu , Jie Chen , Yi Yang , Yulei Lu , Jun Xiao

Dockerfiles enable the creation of portable container-based execution environments for the application code, and have become an important part of the modern software development process. As Dockerfiles are a form of Infrastructure-as-Code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Wei Minn , Yan Naing Tun , Biniam Fesseha Demissie , Rui'ang Hu , Jiakun Liu , Mariano Ceccato , Lwin Khin Shar , David Lo

Vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP exhibit strong Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection capabilities by aligning visual and textual representations. Recent CLIP-based test-time adaptation methods further improve detection performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jinlun Ye , Jiang Liao , Runhe Lai , Xinhua Lu , Jiaxin Zhuang , Zhiyong Gan , Ruixuan Wang

Human annotation of training samples is expensive, laborious, and sometimes challenging, especially for Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. To reduce the labeling cost and enhance the sample efficiency, Active Learning (AL) technique…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Xuesong Wang

Token-level Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has become a standard way to elicit multi-step reasoning in large language models (LLMs), especially for mathematical word problems. However, generating long intermediate traces increases output…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Disha Sheshanarayana , Rajat Subhra Pal , Manjira Sinha , Tirthankar Dasgupta

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are transforming critical sectors such as healthcare, finance, and transportation, enhancing operational efficiency and decision-making processes. However, their deployment in high-stakes domains has…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Diego Russo , Gian Marco Orlando , Valerio La Gatta , Vincenzo Moscato

Large-scale data collection is essential for developing personalized training data, mitigating the shortage of training data, and fine-tuning specialized models. However, creating high-quality datasets quickly and accurately remains a…

The technical debt (TD) metaphor describes actions made during various stages of software development that lead to a more costly future regarding system maintenance and evolution. According to recent studies, on average 25% of development…

In this work we propose a pragmatic method that reduces the annotation cost for structured label spaces using active learning. Our approach leverages partial annotation, which reduces labeling costs for structured outputs by selecting only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Zhisong Zhang , Emma Strubell , Eduard Hovy

In the process industry, condition monitoring systems with automated fault diagnosis methods assist human experts and thereby improve maintenance efficiency, process sustainability, and workplace safety. Improving the automated fault…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Karl Löwenmark , Cees Taal , Stephan Schnabel , Marcus Liwicki , Fredrik Sandin

Architectural debt is a form of technical debt that derives from the gap between the architectural design of the system as it "should be" compared to "as it is". We measured architecture debt in two ways: 1) in terms of system-wide coupling…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Maleknaz Nayebi , Yuanfang Cai , Rick Kazman , Guenther Ruhe , Qiong Feng , Chris Carlson , Francis Chew

Large Language Models (LLMs) are evolving into autonomous agents, yet current "frameless" development--relying on ambiguous natural language without engineering blueprints--leads to critical risks such as scope creep and open-loop failures.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Chanjin Park