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Learning multi-modal representations is an essential step towards real-world robotic applications, and various multi-modal fusion models have been developed for this purpose. However, we observe that existing models, whose objectives are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Chenzhuang Du , Tingle Li , Yichen Liu , Zixin Wen , Tianyu Hua , Yue Wang , Hang Zhao

The development of multimodal models has significantly advanced multimodal sentiment analysis and emotion recognition. However, in real-world applications, the presence of various missing modality cases often leads to a degradation in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Zirun Guo , Tao Jin , Zhou Zhao

During multimodal model training and testing, certain data modalities may be absent due to sensor limitations, cost constraints, privacy concerns, or data loss, negatively affecting performance. Multimodal learning techniques designed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Renjie Wu , Hu Wang , Hsiang-Ting Chen , Gustavo Carneiro

The Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem produces massive volumes of multimodal data from diverse sources, including sensors, cameras, and microphones. With advances in edge intelligence, IoT devices have evolved from simple data acquisition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Heqiang Wang , Weihong Yang , Xiaoxiong Zhong , Jia Zhou , Fangming Liu , Weizhe Zhang

The application of visual instruction tuning and other post-training techniques has significantly enhanced the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in visual understanding, enriching Vision-Language Models (VLMs) with more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Mingjie Xu , Andrew Estornell , Hongzheng Yang , Yuzhi Zhao , Zhaowei Zhu , Qi Xuan , Jiaheng Wei

Missing modalities present a fundamental challenge in multimodal models, often causing catastrophic performance degradation. Our observations suggest that this fragility stems from an imbalanced learning process, where the model develops an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Siqi Lu , Wanying Xu , Yongbin Zheng , Wenting Luan , Peng Sun , Jianhang Yao

Multimodal sentiment analysis remains a challenging task due to the inherent heterogeneity across modalities. Such heterogeneity often manifests as asynchronous signals, imbalanced information between modalities, and interference from…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yadong Liu , Shangfei Wang

Medical multimodal representation learning aims to integrate heterogeneous clinical data into unified patient representations to support predictive modeling, which remains an essential yet challenging task in the medical data mining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Xiaoguang Zhu , Lianlong Sun , Yang Liu , Pengyi Jiang , Uma Srivatsa , Nipavan Chiamvimonvat , Vladimir Filkov

Quality-Diversity optimisation (QD) has proven to yield promising results across a broad set of applications. However, QD approaches struggle in the presence of uncertainty in the environment, as it impacts their ability to quantify the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Manon Flageat , Antoine Cully

In this paper, we consider the problem of multimodal data analysis with a use case of audiovisual emotion recognition. We propose an architecture capable of learning from raw data and describe three variants of it with distinct modality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Kateryna Chumachenko , Alexandros Iosifidis , Moncef Gabbouj

Multi-modal semantic segmentation (MMSS) addresses the limitations of single-modality data by integrating complementary information across modalities. Despite notable progress, a significant gap persists between research and real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Chenfei Liao , Kaiyu Lei , Xu Zheng , Junha Moon , Zhixiong Wang , Yixuan Wang , Danda Pani Paudel , Luc Van Gool , Xuming Hu

Missing modality issues are common in real-world applications, arising from factors such as equipment failures and privacy concerns. When fine-tuning pre-trained models on downstream datasets with missing modalities, performance can degrade…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Zirun Guo , Shulei Wang , Wang Lin , Weicai Yan , Yangyang Wu , Tao Jin

Emotion recognition from physiological data is crucial for mental health assessment, yet it faces two significant challenges: incomplete multi-modal signals and interference from body movements and artifacts. This paper presents a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Geng-Xin Xu , Xiang Zuo , Ye Li

Multimodal deep learning, especially vision-language models, have gained significant traction in recent years, greatly improving performance on many downstream tasks, including content moderation and violence detection. However, standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Zhuokai Zhao , Harish Palani , Tianyi Liu , Lena Evans , Ruth Toner

Multimodal models often experience a significant performance drop when one or more modalities are missing during inference. To address this challenge, we propose a simple yet effective approach that enhances robustness to missing modalities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Md Kaykobad Reza , Ameya Patil , Mashhour Solh , M. Salman Asif

Recently, multimodal prompting, which introduces learnable missing-aware prompts for all missing modality cases, has exhibited impressive performance. However, it encounters two critical issues: 1) The number of prompts grows exponentially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Jaehyuk Jang , Yooseung Wang , Changick Kim

One primary topic of multimodal learning is to jointly incorporate heterogeneous information from different modalities. However most models often suffer from unsatisfactory multimodal cooperation which cannot jointly utilize all modalities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Yake Wei , Ruoxuan Feng , Zihe Wang , Di Hu

Using multiple spatial modalities has been proven helpful in improving semantic segmentation performance. However, there are several real-world challenges that have yet to be addressed: (a) improving label efficiency and (b) enhancing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Harsh Maheshwari , Yen-Cheng Liu , Zsolt Kira

Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA) aims to predict sentiment from language, acoustic, and visual data in videos. However, imbalanced unimodal performance often leads to suboptimal fused representations. Existing approaches typically adopt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Dingkang Yang , Mingcheng Li , Xuecheng Wu , Zhaoyu Chen , Kaixun Jiang , Keliang Liu , Peng Zhai , Lihua Zhang

Fusing multi-modal data can improve the performance of deep learning models. However, missing modalities are common for medical data due to patients' specificity, which is detrimental to the performance of multi-modal models in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-28 Muyu Wang , Shiyu Fan , Yichen Li , Hui Chen