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AI-supported tools can help learners overcome challenges in programming education by providing adaptive assistance. However, existing research often focuses on individual tools rather than deriving broader design recommendations. A key…
Computational thinking, and by extension, computer programming, is notoriously challenging to learn. Conversational agents and generative artificial intelligence (genAI) have the potential to facilitate this learning process by offering…
The broad adoption of Generative AI (GenAI) is impacting Computer Science education, and recent studies found its benefits and potential concerns when students use it for programming learning. However, most existing explorations focus on…
Our research is a step toward ascertaining the need for personalization, in XAI, and we do so in the context of investigating the value of explanations of AI-driven hints and feedback are useful in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS). We…
Generative AI creates new opportunities for programming education, but many existing systems remain overly directive, producing lengthy explanations and premature solutions that can overwhelm K-12 novices. In this paper, we present a…
Behavioral skills or policies for autonomous agents are conventionally learned from reward functions, via reinforcement learning, or from demonstrations, via imitation learning. However, both modes of task specification have their…
Adaptive scaffolding enhances learning, yet the field lacks robust methods for measuring it within authentic tutoring dialogue. This gap has become more pressing with the rise of remote human tutoring and large language model-based systems.…
Data storytelling workflows ask learners to integrate analytical, design, and narrative skills, but instructors rarely have the capacity to provide detailed feedback at each step. Computational and AI-assisted storytelling offers…
The growing ubiquity of artificial intelligence (AI), in particular large language models (LLMs), has profoundly altered the way in which learners gain knowledge and interact with learning material, with many claiming that AI positively…
Educational dialogue is critical for decoding student learning processes, yet manual annotation remains time-consuming. This study evaluates the efficacy of GPT-5.2 and Gemini-3 using three prompting strategies (few-shot, single-agent, and…
AI-powered coding assistants can support students in programming courses by providing on-demand explanations and debugging help. However, existing research often focuses on individual tools, leaving a gap in evidence-based design…
Designing dialog tutors has been challenging as it involves modeling the diverse and complex pedagogical strategies employed by human tutors. Although there have been significant recent advances in neural conversational systems using large…
Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) have shown great potential in delivering personalized and adaptive education, but their widespread adoption has been hindered by the need for specialized programming and design skills. Existing approaches…
We present an approach to evaluate the efficacy of annotations in augmenting learning environments in the context of Virtual Reality. Our study extends previous work highlighting the benefits of learning based in virtual reality and…
Research on intelligent tutoring systems has been exploring data-driven methods to deliver effective adaptive assistance. While much work has been done to provide adaptive assistance when students seek help, they may not seek help…
This review examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) agents in programming education, focusing on how these tools are being integrated into educational practice and their impact on student learning outcomes. An analysis of…
Generative AI (GenAI) image tools are increasingly used in design practice, enabling rapid ideation but offering limited support for refinement tasks such as adjusting layout, scale, or visual attributes. While text prompts and inpainting…
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning have reignited interest in their impact on Computer-based Learning (CBL). AI-driven tools like ChatGPT and Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) have enhanced learning…
Artificial intelligence (AI) tutors have become increasingly popular in learning environments. In this study, we propose an AI agent prototype framework for exploring AI-assisted learning with temporal interaction patterns, multiple…
The emergence of generative AI has accelerated the development of conversational tutoring systems that interact with students through natural language dialogue. Unlike prior intelligent tutoring systems (ITS), which largely function as…