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Autonomous robotic manipulation in clutter is challenging. A large variety of objects must be perceived in complex scenes, where they are partially occluded and embedded among many distractors, often in restricted spaces. To tackle these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-03 Max Schwarz , Anton Milan , Arul Selvam Periyasamy , Sven Behnke

Robotic manipulation of deformable 1D objects such as ropes, cables, and hoses is challenging due to the lack of high-fidelity analytic models and large configuration spaces. Furthermore, learning end-to-end manipulation policies directly…

Simulation-based design space exploration (DSE) aims to efficiently optimize high-dimensional structured designs under complex constraints and expensive evaluation costs. Existing approaches, including heuristic and multi-step reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Yifeng Xiao , Yurong Xu , Ning Yan , Masood Mortazavi , Pierluigi Nuzzo

Navigation and guidance of autonomous vehicles is a fundamental problem in robotics, which has attracted intensive research in recent decades. This report is mainly concerned with provable collision avoidance of multiple autonomous vehicles…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-01-28 Michael Hoy

Careful robot manipulation in every-day cluttered environments requires an accurate understanding of the 3D scene, in order to grasp and place objects stably and reliably and to avoid colliding with other objects. In general, we must…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Aditya Agarwal , Gaurav Singh , Bipasha Sen , Tomás Lozano-Pérez , Leslie Pack Kaelbling

Picking unseen objects from clutter is a difficult problem because of the variability in objects (shape, size, and material) and occlusion due to clutter. As a result, it becomes difficult for grasping methods to segment the objects…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Prem Raj , Aniruddha Singhal , Vipul Sanap , L. Behera , Rajesh Sinha

Assembly of large scale structural systems in space is understood as critical to serving applications that cannot be deployed from a single launch. Recent literature proposes the use of discrete modular structures for in-space assembly and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Allan Costa , Benjamin Jenett , Irina Kostitsyna , Amira Abdel-Rahman , Neil Gershenfeld , Kenneth Cheung

While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made groundbreaking progress in embodied intelligence, they still face significant challenges in spatial reasoning for complex long-horizon tasks. To address this gap, we propose…

Non-prehensile manipulation using onboard sensing presents a fundamental challenge: the manipulated object occludes the sensor's field of view, creating occluded regions that can lead to collisions. We propose CURA-PPO, a reinforcement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jiwoo Hwang , Taegeun Yang , Jeil Jeong , Minsung Yoon , Sung-Eui Yoon

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures employ sparse activation to deliver faster training and inference with higher accuracy than dense LLMs. However, in production serving, MoE models require batch inference to optimize hardware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Juntong Wu , Jialiang Cheng , Fuyu Lv , Ou Dan , Li Yuan

Inspired by how humans reason over discrete objects and their relationships, we explore whether compact object-centric and object-relation representations can form a foundation for multitask robotic manipulation. Most existing robotic…

Autonomous mapping of unknown environments is a critical challenge, particularly in scenarios where time is limited. Multi-agent systems can enhance efficiency through collaboration, but the scalability of motion-planning algorithms remains…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Sriram Rajasekar , Ashwini Ratnoo

Safety comes first in many real-world applications involving autonomous agents. Despite a large number of reinforcement learning (RL) methods focusing on safety-critical tasks, there is still a lack of high-quality evaluation of those…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Linrui Zhang , Qin Zhang , Li Shen , Bo Yuan , Xueqian Wang , Dacheng Tao

A fundamental challenge in embodied AI is verifying if agents build internal models of spatial structure or merely learn to mimic task-specific expert trajectories. This is critical as foundational approaches rooted in action-centric tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jinzhou Tang , Sidi Liu , Waikit Xiu , Weixing Chen , Keze Wang

Humanoid robots hold great potential for diverse interactions and daily service tasks within human-centered environments, necessitating controllers that seamlessly integrate precise locomotion with dexterous manipulation. However, most…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Xinru Cui , Linxi Feng , Yixuan Zhou , Haoqi Han , Zhe Liu , Hesheng Wang

Obstacle avoidance for small unmanned aircraft is vital for the safety of future urban air mobility (UAM) and Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) Traffic Management (UTM). There are many techniques for real-time robust drone guidance, but many…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Jueming Hu , Xuxi Yang , Weichang Wang , Peng Wei , Lei Ying , Yongming Liu

Generalization in robotic manipulation remains a critical challenge, particularly when scaling to new environments with limited demonstrations. This paper introduces CAGE, a novel robotic manipulation policy designed to overcome these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Shangning Xia , Hongjie Fang , Cewu Lu , Hao-Shu Fang

A simple gripper can solve more complex manipulation tasks if it can utilize the external environment such as pushing the object against the table or a vertical wall, known as "Extrinsic Dexterity." Previous work in extrinsic dexterity…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Wenxuan Zhou , David Held

LLMs have shown remarkable proficiency in general language understanding and reasoning. However, they consistently underperform in spatial reasoning that severely limits their application, particularly in embodied intelligence. Inspired by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yi Wang , Haojie Lu , Zhaofan Zhang , Li Chen , Sihong Xie

Robotic grasping is facing a variety of real-world uncertainties caused by non-static object states, unknown object properties, and cluttered object arrangements. The difficulty of grasping increases with the presence of more uncertainties,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Hao Chen , Takuya Kiyokawa , Weiwei Wan , Kensuke Harada