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Value alignment has emerged in recent years as a basic principle to produce beneficial and mindful Artificial Intelligence systems. It mainly states that autonomous entities should behave in a way that is aligned with our human values. In…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Nieves Montes , Carles Sierra

Having a unified, coherent taxonomy is essential for effective knowledge representation in domain-specific applications as diverse terminologies need to be mapped to underlying concepts. Traditional manual approaches to taxonomy alignment…

Research on the 'cultural alignment' of Large Language Models (LLMs) has emerged in response to growing interest in understanding representation across diverse stakeholders. Current approaches to evaluating cultural alignment through…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Ariba Khan , Stephen Casper , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

Preference alignment methods are increasingly critical for steering large language models (LLMs) to generate outputs consistent with human values. While recent approaches often rely on synthetic data generated by LLMs for scalability and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Mingye Zhu , Yi Liu , Zheren Fu , Yongdong Zhang , Zhendong Mao

Serendipity plays a pivotal role in enhancing user satisfaction within recommender systems, yet its evaluation poses significant challenges due to its inherently subjective nature and conceptual ambiguity. Current algorithmic approaches…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Li Kang , Yuhan Zhao , Li Chen

In a highly globalized world, it is important for multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) to recognize and respond correctly to mixed-cultural inputs. For example, a model should correctly identify kimchi (Korean food) in an image both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Jun Seong Kim , Kyaw Ye Thu , Javad Ismayilzada , Junyeong Park , Eunsu Kim , Huzama Ahmad , Na Min An , James Thorne , Alice Oh

Inspired by the exceptional general intelligence of Large Language Models (LLMs), researchers have begun to explore their application in pioneering the next generation of recommender systems - systems that are conversational, explainable,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Wensheng Lu , Jianxun Lian , Wei Zhang , Guanghua Li , Mingyang Zhou , Hao Liao , Xing Xie

With the wide application of large language models (LLMs), the problems of bias and value inconsistency in sensitive domains have gradually emerged, especially in terms of race, society and politics. In this paper, we propose an adversarial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Yuan Gao , Zhigang Liu , Xinyu Yao , Bo Chen , Xiaobing Zhao

As Large Language Models (LLMs) serve a global audience, alignment must transition from enforcing universal consensus to respecting cultural pluralism. We demonstrate that dense models, when forced to fit conflicting value distributions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Ao Sun , Xiaoyu Wang , Zhe Tan , Yu Li , Jiachen Zhu , Shu Su , Yuheng Jia

Evaluating aligned large language models' (LLMs) ability to recognize and reject unsafe user requests is crucial for safe, policy-compliant deployments. Existing evaluation efforts, however, face three limitations that we address with…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are predominantly trained and aligned in ways that reinforce Western-centric epistemologies and socio-cultural norms, leading to cultural homogenization and limiting their ability to reflect global…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Abdullah Mushtaq , Imran Taj , Rafay Naeem , Ibrahim Ghaznavi , Junaid Qadir

The fields of AI current lacks methods to quantitatively assess and potentially alter the moral values inherent in the output of large language models (LLMs). However, decades of social science research has developed and refined…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Noam Benkler , Drisana Mosaphir , Scott Friedman , Andrew Smart , Sonja Schmer-Galunder

Aligning large language models (LLMs) to human values has become increasingly important as it enables sophisticated steering of LLMs. However, it requires significant human demonstrations and feedback or distillation from proprietary LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Sungdong Kim , Sanghwan Bae , Jamin Shin , Soyoung Kang , Donghyun Kwak , Kang Min Yoo , Minjoon Seo

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values is imperative to mitigate potential adverse effects resulting from their misuse. Drawing from the sociological insight that acknowledging all parties' concerns is a key factor in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Xianghe Pang , Shuo Tang , Rui Ye , Yuxin Xiong , Bolun Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Siheng Chen

Human decision-making belongs to the foundation of our society and civilization, but we are on the verge of a future where much of it will be delegated to artificial intelligence. The arrival of Large Language Models (LLMs) has transformed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Hao Li , Gengrui Zhang , Petter Holme , Shuyue Hu , Zhen Wang

Although humans inherently have diverse values, current large language model (LLM) alignment methods often assume that aligning LLMs with the general public's preferences is optimal. A major challenge in adopting a more individualized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Seongyun Lee , Sue Hyun Park , Seungone Kim , Minjoon Seo

Large Language Models (LLMs) alignment methods have been credited with the commercial success of products like ChatGPT, given their role in steering LLMs towards user-friendly outputs. However, current alignment techniques predominantly…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Oriane Peter , Kate Devlin

Conventional recommendation systems (RSs) are typically optimized to enhance performance metrics uniformly across all training samples, inadvertently overlooking the needs of diverse user populations. The performance disparity among various…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Kirandeep Kaur , Vinayak Gupta , Manya Chadha , Chirag Shah

While reinforcement learning for large language model alignment has progressed rapidly in recent years, transferring these paradigms to high-stakes medical question answering reveals a fundamental paradigm mismatch. Reinforcement Learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Tianxiang Xu , Jiayi Liu , Yixuan Tong , Jialu Xu , Yunqing Wei , Kaiwen Feng , PanPan Hou , Kangping Yin , Jiyuan Hu , Hao Zhou , Zhenxin Ma , Jian Xu , Guanjun Jiang

Personalization is a critical task in modern intelligent systems, with applications spanning diverse domains, including interactions with large language models (LLMs). Recent advances in reasoning capabilities have significantly enhanced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Sichun Luo , Guanzhi Deng , Jian Xu , Xiaojie Zhang , Hanxu Hou , Linqi Song