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In self-supervised learning for speaker recognition, pseudo labels are useful as the supervision signals. It is a known fact that a speaker recognition model doesn't always benefit from pseudo labels due to their unreliability. In this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-15 Ruijie Tao , Kong Aik Lee , Rohan Kumar Das , Ville Hautamäki , Haizhou Li

Streaming video models should respond the moment an event unfolds, not after the moment has passed. Yet existing online VideoQA benchmarks remain largely retrospective. They pause the video at fixed timestamps, pose questions about current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Dibyadip Chatterjee , Zhanzhong Pang , Fadime Sener , Yale Song , Angela Yao

The workhorse of machine learning is stochastic gradient descent. To access stochastic gradients, it is common to consider iteratively input/output pairs of a training dataset. Interestingly, it appears that one does not need full…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Vivien Cabannes , Francis Bach , Vianney Perchet , Alessandro Rudi

While large language models (LLMs) are trained to align with human values, their generations may still violate safety constraints. A growing line of work addresses this problem by modifying the model's sampling policy at decoding time using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Bat-Sheva Einbinder , Hen Davidov , Yee Whye Teh , Yarin Gal , Yaniv Romano

Advancements in diffusion models have significantly improved video quality, directing attention to fine-grained controllability. However, many existing methods depend on fine-tuning large-scale video models for specific tasks, which becomes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Sangwon Jang , Taekyung Ki , Jaehyeong Jo , Jaehong Yoon , Soo Ye Kim , Zhe Lin , Sung Ju Hwang

Current methods for content safety in Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), often rely on multi-stage training pipelines and lack fine-grained,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jianfeng Si , Lin Sun , Zhewen Tan , Xiangzheng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically aligned for safety during the post-training phase; however, they may still generate inappropriate outputs that could potentially pose risks to users. This challenge underscores the need for robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Mahesh Kumar Nandwana , Youngwan Lim , Joseph Liu , Alex Yang , Varun Notibala , Nishchaie Khanna

Proprietary large language models (LLMs) have been widely applied in various scenarios. Additionally, deploying LLMs on edge devices is trending for efficiency and privacy reasons. However, edge deployment of proprietary LLMs introduces new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Qinfeng Li , Zhiqiang Shen , Zhenghan Qin , Yangfan Xie , Xuhong Zhang , Tianyu Du , Jianwei Yin

Having a sequence-to-sequence model which can operate in an online fashion is important for streaming applications such as Voice Search. Neural transducer is a streaming sequence-to-sequence model, but has shown a significant degradation in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Tara N. Sainath , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Anjuli Kannan , Yonghui Wu , Patrick Nguyen , Zhifeng Chen

This paper introduces NEST (Network-Enforced Session Types), a runtime verification framework that moves application-level protocol monitoring into the network fabric. Unlike prior work that instruments or wraps application code, we…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Jens Kanstrup Larsen , Alceste Scalas , Guy Amir , Jules Jacobs , Jana Wagemaker , Nate Foster

Popular video training methods mainly operate on a fixed number of tokens sampled from a predetermined spatiotemporal grid, resulting in sub-optimal accuracy-computation trade-offs due to inherent video redundancy. They also lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Chenting Wang , Kunchang Li , Tianxiang Jiang , Xiangyu Zeng , Yi Wang , Limin Wang

Recent progress in video generative models has enabled the creation of high-quality videos from multimodal prompts that combine text and images. While these systems offer enhanced controllability, they also introduce new safety risks, as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Ruize Ma , Minghong Cai , Yilei Jiang , Jiaming Han , Yi Feng , Yingshui Tan , Xiaoyong Zhu , Bo Zhang , Bo Zheng , Xiangyu Yue

Many developers rely on Large Language Models (LLMs) to facilitate software development. Nevertheless, these models have exhibited limited capabilities in the security domain. We introduce LLMSecGuard, a framework to offer enhanced code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Arya Kavian , Mohammad Mehdi Pourhashem Kallehbasti , Sajjad Kazemi , Ehsan Firouzi , Mohammad Ghafari

Current vision large language models (VLLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities yet are prone to generate harmful content and are vulnerable to even the simplest jailbreaking attacks. Our initial analysis finds that this is due to the presence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yongshuo Zong , Ondrej Bohdal , Tingyang Yu , Yongxin Yang , Timothy Hospedales

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have serious security vulnerabilities.While safety alignment using multimodal datasets consisting of text and data of additional modalities can effectively enhance MLLM's security, it is costly to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Weikai Lu , Hao Peng , Huiping Zhuang , Cen Chen , Ziqian Zeng

Streaming vision-language models (VLMs) continuously generate responses given an instruction prompt and an online stream of input frames. This is a core mechanism for real-time visual assistants. Existing VLM frameworks predominantly assess…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Pavan Kumar Anasosalu Vasu , Cem Koc , Fartash Faghri , Chun-Liang Li , Bo Feng , Zhengfeng Lai , Meng Cao , Oncel Tuzel , Hadi Pouransari

In modern interactive speech-based systems, speech is consumed and transcribed incrementally prior to having disfluencies removed. This post-processing step is crucial for producing clean transcripts and high performance on downstream tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Angelica Chen , Vicky Zayats , Daniel D. Walker , Dirk Padfield

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) leverages abundant unlabeled data alongside limited labeled data to enhance learning. As vision foundation models (VFMs) increasingly serve as the backbone of vision applications, it remains unclear how SSL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Ping Zhang , Zheda Mai , Quang-Huy Nguyen , Wei-Lun Chao

We present streaming self-training (SST) that aims to democratize the process of learning visual recognition models such that a non-expert user can define a new task depending on their needs via a few labeled examples and minimal domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Zhiqiu Lin , Deva Ramanan , Aayush Bansal

Modern scene text recognition systems often depend on large end-to-end architectures that require extensive training and are prohibitively expensive for real-time scenarios. In such cases, the deployment of heavy models becomes impractical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Ritabrata Chakraborty , Shivakumara Palaiahnakote , Umapada Pal , Cheng-Lin Liu