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Related papers: Symbol-Equivariant Recurrent Reasoning Models

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Neural network models with latent recurrent processing, where identical layers are recursively applied to the latent state, have gained attention as promising models for performing reasoning tasks. A strength of such models is that they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Kenji Kubo , Shunsuke Kamiya , Masanori Koyama , Kohei Hayashi , Yusuke Iwasawa , Yutaka Matsuo

We investigate the computational complexity of various problems for simple recurrent neural networks (RNNs) as formal models for recognizing weighted languages. We focus on the single-layer, ReLU-activation, rational-weight RNNs with…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Yining Chen , Sorcha Gilroy , Andreas Maletti , Jonathan May , Kevin Knight

Recurrent neural networks are a powerful tool for modeling sequential data, but the dependence of each timestep's computation on the previous timestep's output limits parallelism and makes RNNs unwieldy for very long sequences. We introduce…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-11-22 James Bradbury , Stephen Merity , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher

Despite their linguistic competence, Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle to reason reliably and flexibly. To identify these shortcomings, we introduce the Non-Linear Reasoning (NLR) dataset, a collection of 55 unique, hand-designed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Nasim Borazjanizadeh , Steven T. Piantadosi

Small Language Models (SLMs) are a cost-effective alternative to Large Language Models (LLMs), but often struggle with complex reasoning due to their limited capacity and a tendency to produce mistakes or inconsistent answers during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuanfeng Xu , Zehui Dai , Jian Liang , Jiapeng Guan , Guangrun Wang , Liang Lin , Xiaohui Lv

There is growing excitement about building software verifiers, synthesizers, and other Automated Reasoning (AR) tools by combining traditional symbolic algorithms and Large Language Models (LLMs). Unfortunately, the current practice for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Aaron Bembenek

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is a recurrent neural network (RNN) architecture that has been designed to address the vanishing and exploding gradient problems of conventional RNNs. Unlike feedforward neural networks, RNNs have cyclic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-02-06 Haşim Sak , Andrew Senior , Françoise Beaufays

Existing reasoning benchmarks for large language models (LLMs) frequently fail to capture authentic creativity, often rewarding memorization of previously observed patterns. We address this shortcoming with Sudoku-Bench, a curated benchmark…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jeffrey Seely , Yuki Imajuku , Tianyu Zhao , Edoardo Cetin , Llion Jones

Symbolic regression seeks to uncover physical laws from experimental data by searching for closed-form expressions, which is an important task in AI-driven scientific discovery. Yet the exponential growth of the search space of expression…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Nan Jiang , Ziyi Wang , Yexiang Xue

We introduce SIRI, Scaling Iterative Reinforcement Learning with Interleaved Compression, a simple yet effective RL approach for Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) that enables more efficient and accurate reasoning. Existing studies have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Haoming Wen , Yushi Bai , Juanzi Li , Jie Tang

A field that has directly benefited from the recent advances in deep learning is Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). Despite the great achievements of the past decades, however, a natural and robust human-machine speech interaction still…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-03-29 Mirco Ravanelli , Philemon Brakel , Maurizio Omologo , Yoshua Bengio

Neural algorithmic reasoning (NAR) is an emerging field that seeks to design neural networks that mimic classical algorithmic computations. Today, graph neural networks (GNNs) are widely used in neural algorithmic reasoners due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Kaijia Xu , Petar Veličković

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs), such as long short-term memory networks (LSTMs), serve as a fundamental building block for many sequence learning tasks, including machine translation, language modeling, and question answering. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-09 Stephen Merity , Nitish Shirish Keskar , Richard Socher

Autoregressive models (ARMs) are hindered by slow sequential inference. While masked diffusion models (MDMs) offer a parallel alternative, they suffer from critical drawbacks: high computational overhead from precluding Key-Value (KV)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Jia-Nan Li , Jian Guan , Wei Wu , Chongxuan Li

Reward models play a critical role in guiding large language models toward outputs that align with human expectations. However, an open challenge remains in effectively utilizing test-time compute to enhance reward model performance. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Jiaxin Guo , Zewen Chi , Li Dong , Qingxiu Dong , Xun Wu , Shaohan Huang , Furu Wei

Sequential problems are ubiquitous in AI, such as in reinforcement learning or natural language processing. State-of-the-art deep sequential models, like transformers, excel in these settings but fail to guarantee the satisfaction of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Lennert De Smet , Gabriele Venturato , Luc De Raedt , Giuseppe Marra

Many important NLP problems can be posed as dual-sequence or sequence-to-sequence modeling tasks. Recent advances in building end-to-end neural architectures have been highly successful in solving such tasks. In this work we propose a new…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-06-15 Dirk Weissenborn

We propose a series of recurrent and contextual neural network models for multiple choice visual question answering on the Visual7W dataset. Motivated by divergent trends in model complexities in the literature, we explore the balance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-24 Abhijit Sharang , Eric Lau

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) are a type of statistical model designed to handle sequential data. The model reads a sequence one symbol at a time. Each symbol is processed based on information collected from the previous symbols. With…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-18 Jared Ostmeyer , Lindsay Cowell

With the emergence of massively parallel processing units, parallelization has become a desirable property for new sequence models. The ability to parallelize the processing of sequences with respect to the sequence length during training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Florent De Geeter , Gaspard Lambrechts , Damien Ernst , Guillaume Drion