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We show that the operatorial framework developed by Voiculescu for free random variables can be extended to arrays of random variables whose multiplication imitates matricial multiplication. The associated notion of independence, called…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2010-05-28 Romuald Lenczewski

We provide non-asymptotic, relative deviation bounds for the eigenvalues of empirical covariance and Gram matrices in general settings. Unlike typical uniform bounds, which may fail to capture the behavior of smaller eigenvalues, our…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Daniel Barzilai , Ohad Shamir

In this paper we study the component structure of random graphs with independence between the edges. Under mild assumptions, we determine whether there is a giant component, and find its asymptotic size when it exists. We assume that the…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-06-29 Bela Bollobas , Svante Janson , Oliver Riordan

The eigenvalue distribution of the sum of two large Hermitian matrices, when one of them is conjugated by a Haar distributed unitary matrix, is asymptotically given by the free convolution of their spectral distributions. We prove that this…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-21 Zhigang Bao , Laszlo Erdos , Kevin Schnelli

It is shown that at least 50% of the probability mass of a sum of independent Rademacher random variables is within one standard deviation from its mean. This lower bound is sharp, it is much better than for instance the bound that can be…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-12-22 Martien C. A. van Zuijlen

Graph independence (also known as $\epsilon$-independence or $\lambda$-independence) is a mixture of classical independence and free independence corresponding to graph products or groups and operator algebras. Using conjugation by certain…

In distributed optimization and distributed numerical linear algebra, we often encounter an inversion bias: if we want to compute a quantity that depends on the inverse of a sum of distributed matrices, then the sum of the inverses does not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Michał Dereziński , Michael W. Mahoney

We study random compositions of transformations having certain uniform fiberwise properties and prove bounds which in combination with other results yield a quenched central limit theorem equipped with a convergence rate, also in the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-01-08 Olli Hella , Mikko Stenlund

Random measures provide flexible parameters for Bayesian nonparametric models. Given two different priors for a random measure, we develop a natural framework to investigate the rate at which the corresponding posteriors merge, as the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-17 Marta Catalano , Hugo Lavenant

We present two sharp, closed-form empirical Bernstein inequalities for symmetric random matrices with bounded eigenvalues. By sharp, we mean that both inequalities adapt to the unknown variance in a tight manner: the deviation captured by…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-19 Hongjian Wang , Aaditya Ramdas

I use quaternion free probability calculus - an extension of free probability to non-Hermitian matrices (which is introduced in a succinct but self-contained way) - to derive in the large-size limit the mean densities of the eigenvalues and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 Andrzej Jarosz

We consider a non-commutative polynomial in several independent $N$-dimensional random unitary matrices, uniformly distributed over the unitary, orthogonal or symmetric groups, and assume that the coefficients are $n$-dimensional matrices.…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-11 Charles Bordenave , Benoit Collins

Relying on recent advances in statistical estimation of covariance distances based on random matrix theory, this article proposes an improved covariance and precision matrix estimation for a wide family of metrics. The method is shown to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-03 Malik Tiomoko , Florent Bouchard , Guillaume Ginholac , Romain Couillet

We define the independence ratio and the chromatic number for bounded, self-adjoint operators on an L^2-space by extending the definitions for the adjacency matrix of finite graphs. In analogy to the Hoffman bounds for finite graphs, we…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2014-10-07 Christine Bachoc , Evan DeCorte , Fernando Mario de Oliveira Filho , Frank Vallentin

We develop techniques to convexify a set that is invariant under permutation and/or change of sign of variables and discuss applications of these results. First, we convexify the intersection of the unit ball of a permutation and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-10 Jinhak Kim , Mohit Tawarmalani , Jean-Philippe P. Richard

We prove a large deviation result for a random symmetric n x n matrix with independent identically distributed entries to have a few eigenvalues of size n. If the spectrum S survives when the matrix is rescaled by a factor of n, it can only…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-04-22 Sourav Chatterjee , S. R. S. Varadhan

The diagonal entries of pseudoinverse of the Laplacian matrix of a graph appear in many important practical applications, since they contain much information of the graph and many relevant quantities can be expressed in terms of them, such…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Zenan Lu , Wanyue Xu , Zhongzhi Zhang

Covariance matrix plays a central role in multivariate statistical analysis. Significant advances have been made recently on developing both theory and methodology for estimating large covariance matrices. However, a minimax theory has yet…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-10-20 T. Tony Cai , Cun-Hui Zhang , Harrison H. Zhou

Consider a random graph process with $n$ vertices corresponding to points $v_{i} \sim {Unif}[0,1]$ embedded randomly in the interval, and where edges are inserted between $v_{i}, v_{j}$ independently with probability given by the graphon…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Jeannette Janssen , Aaron Smith

It is a classical result of Wigner that for an hermitian matrix with independent entries on and above the diagonal, the mean empirical eigenvalue distribution converges weakly to the semicircle law as matrix size tends to infinity. In this…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-07-17 Katrin Hofmann-Credner , Michael Stolz